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Physio Gi tract > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

0
Q

The intramural plexus is associated with

A

Parasympathetic division of ANS

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1
Q

The thick connective tissue layer of the digestive tract that contains blood vessels, small glands, and a nerve plexus is the

A

Submucosa

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2
Q

Except the upper esophagus and stomach, the muscularis layer of digestive tract consists of

A

2 layers of smooth muscle

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3
Q

The mesentery that connects the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon and posterior body wall is the

A

greater omentum

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4
Q 
All of these are retroperitoneal organs EXCEPT the:
	A)	duodenum.
	B)	kidneys.
	C)	rectum
	D)	stomach.
E)	urinary bladder.
A

stomach

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5
Q

The muscles responsible for protruding and retracting the tongue, moving it from side to side and changing its shape are the

A

extrinsic tongue muscles

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6
Q

The frenulum is part of the

A

tongue

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7
Q

Adults normally have __________ permanent teeth; children have __________ deciduous teeth.

A

32, 20

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8
Q

Parietal cells in the stomach secrete

A

HCl acid and intrinsic factors

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9
Q

Large mucosal folds formed when the stomach is empty are called

A

rugae

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10
Q

Which of these cells is correctly matched with its function?
A) absorptive cells-produce digestive enzymes
B) endocrine cells-produce regulatory hormones
C) goblet cells-produce protective mucus
D) duodenal glands-produce protective mucus
E) all of these are correct

A

all of the above

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11
Q

The most nutrient absorption takes place in the

A

duodenum and jejunum

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12
Q

All of these are functions of the liver EXCEPT:
A) biotransformation of molecules.
B) production of digestive enzymes.
C) storage of glycogen, fat, vitamins, and iron.
D) synthesis of bile.
E) synthesis of blood components.

A

B

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13
Q

The greatest amount of stomach secretion takes place during the

A

gastric phase

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14
Q

gastric secretion is stimulated by

A

duodenal pH greater than 3

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15
Q

this process is described as chyme moving from the stomach into the small intestine.

A

pyloric pump

16
Q

inhibits secretion and motility of stomach

A

enterogastric reflex

17
Q

Which of these conditions causes inhibition of gastric secretion?
A) hypotonic or hypertonic solution in the duodenum
B) distention of the duodenal wall
C) pH less than 2 in the duodenum
D) fats in the duodenum
E) all of these

A

all of the above

18
Q

Duodenal gland secretion is stimulated by

A

chemical or tactile stimulation

19
Q

The __________ secretes peptidases and disaccharidases, whereas the __________ secretes trypsin, chymotrypsin, amylase, lipase, and nucleases.

A

small intestine, pancreas

20
Q

What GI hormone causes contraction of gall bladder

A

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

21
Q

All of these occur in the large intestine EXCEPT:
A) large numbers of bacteria utilize undigested food.
B) fatty acids are absorbed.
C) vitamin K is produced.
D) sodium and water are absorbed.
E) mucus is produced.

A

B

22
Q

Arrange these events in the order in which they occur during fat digestion, absorption, and transport:

  1. chylomicrons enter lacteals
  2. triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol coated with protein
  3. fatty acids and glycerol packaged into micelles
  4. bile salts emulsify fats
  5. lipase digests fat
A

45321

23
Q

A major transport lipoprotein that has 92% lipid and 8% protein is a(n)

A

VLDL

24
Q

Activation of which of the following is normally associated with contraction of the smooth muscle of the gastrinointestinal tract?

A

Myenteric plexus

25
Q

The true about slow-wave electrical potentials in gastrointestinal smooth muscle is

A

They are changes in the resting membrane varying tbwn 5 and 15 mv

26
Q

Which would most likely decrease the number of spike potentials generated in the GI smoothmuscle?

A

sympathetic stimulation

27
Q

the basic process of digestion

A

hydrolysis

28
Q

What food substances is chewing essential for digestion?

A

fruits and vegetables

29
Q

What is the main digestible carbohydrate normally consumed in the human diet?

A

starch

30
Q

A patient with trigeminal neurapraxia (temporary segmental demyelination of the trigeminal nerve leading to conduction difficulties) would have the greatest difficulty with?

A

chewing

31
Q

During what stage of swallowing is respiration inhibited?

A

pharyngeal stage

32
Q

inhibition of myenteric plexus leads to

A

decrease of motility

33
Q

what substances that can inhibit small intestinal motility

A

secretin

34
Q

it decreases blood flow to the villi of small intestine

A

norepinephrine

Physio Gi tract (1 decks)

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