GI

Question 1

What angle should you feel the abdomen at?

Answer 1

Flat

Question 2

What may you identify at the end of bed check?

Answer 2

Age
Confusion
Pain
Surgical scars
Distension
Pallor
Jaundice
Hyperpigmentation
Bruising
Cachexia
Hernias
Oedema
Ascites

Question 3

What are you inspecting the hands for in an abdominal exam?

Answer 3

Palmar erythema
Dupuytren’s contracture
Pallor

Koilonychia
Leukonychia

Clubbing

Question 4

What may asterixis suggest in an abdominal examination?

Answer 4

Hepatic encephalopathy or uraemia secondary to renal failure

Question 5

What may you notice on the abdomen in general upon inspection?

Answer 5

Bruising
Acanthosis nigricans
Hair loss
Spider naevi (>5)
Gynaecomastia
Caput medusae
Striae
Hernias

Bruising (Cullen’s sign; Grey-Turners)
Excoriations
Needle track marks

Question 6

What may you notice upon inspection of the eyes regarding an abdominal examination?

Answer 6

Conjunctival pallor
Jaundice
Corneal arcus
Xanthelasma
Kayser-Fleischer rings
Periimbal injection

Question 7

What may you notice upon inspection of the mouth regarding an abdominal examination?

Answer 7

Angular stomatitis
Glossitis
Oral candidiasis
Aphthous ulceration
Hyperpigmented macules

Question 8

How do you assess a stoma?

Answer 8

Location
Contents
Consistency
Spout

Question 9

What clinical signs may be associated with peritonitis?

Answer 9

Rebound tenderness
Guarding

Question 10

How do you comment on a mass felt during deep palpation?

Answer 10

Location
Size and shape
Consistency
Mobility

E.g. DSCAM

Distribution
Shape
Consistency
Associated changes
Mobility

Question 11

Pain when palpating the right costal margin in the mid-clavicular line is known as?

Answer 11

Murphy’s sign - suggestive of Cholecystitis