Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

drugs y3 > GI > Flashcards

GI Flashcards

1
Q

Antacid

A

increases gastric pH

  • when gastric HCl reaches nerves in GI mucosa, signals pain to CNA
  • forms a thick layer coating the stomach contents to prevent reflux
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

example of antacid

A

gaviscon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when to give antacids

A

GORD, heartburn, acid indigestion, peptic ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

contra-indications for antacids

A

hypersensitivity to active substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

side-effects of antacids

A

rare - drowsiness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhoea, abdomen pain, cramps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

possible interactions of antacids

A

ACEi + Ca carbonates, digoxin - antacid decreases absorption of these

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

H2 antagonists

A

reduces gastric acid secretion via blocking parietal cells -blocks histamine receptors so histamine cannot be released and this is what activates the proton pump on parietal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

example of H2 antagonist

A

ranitidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when to give H2 antagonists

A

benign gastric and duodenal ulceration, dyspepsia, GORD, prophylaxis of stress ulceration, peptic ulcer disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

contra-indications for H2 antagonists

A

hypersensitivity, gastric cancer, renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

side effects of H2 antagonist

A

diarrhoea, GI disturbance, altered LFTs, headache, dizziness, rash, tiredness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how are H2 antagonists eliminated?

A

renal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

proton pump inhibitor

A

suppresses gastric acid secretion by inhibiting H+/K+/ATPase parietal cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

example of proton pump inhibitor

A

omeprazole / lanzoprazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when to give PPIs

A

peptic ulcers, GORD, dyspepsia, ulcerating reflux oesophagitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

contra-indications for PPIs

A

hypersensitivity, gastric cancer, liver disease

17
Q

side effects of PPIs

A

GI disturbance (N+V, diarrhoea, flatulance, constipation), headache, agitation, impotence

18
Q

possible interactions of PPIs

A

increases plasma concentration of digoxin

decreases anti-coag effect of clopidrgral

19
Q

how are PPIs eliminated

A

hepatic

20
Q

anti-diarrhoeal agent

A

opiod agonist which acts on the u-receptors in the GI tract, decreasing peristaltic movements, decreasing motility, allowing bowel substances to spend longer time on the bowel, more time for water absorption

21
Q

examples of anti-diarrhoeal agents

A

loperamide

22
Q

when to give loperamide

A

diarrhoea

23
Q

contra-indications for loperamide

A

when peristalsis inhibition should be avoided, abdominal distension, ulcerative colitis, dysentry diarrhoea

24
Q

side effects of loperamide

A

abdo cramps, dizziness, drowsiness, skin reactions, paralytic ileum, bloating

25
Q

stimulant laxative

A

increases intestinal motility to loosen the stool (does this by increased electrolyte and water secretion, increasing the volume of colonic contents, increasing peristaltic contractions)

26
Q

example of stimulant laxative

A

senna

27
Q

when to give a senna

A

constipation

28
Q

contra-indications of stimulant laxative

A

intestinal obstruction

29
Q

side-effects of sennas

A

abdo cramps, diarrhoea, hypokalaemia (diarrhoea decreases vita absorption)

30
Q

elimination of senna

A

renal - given at night

31
Q

interactions of sennas

A

diuretics – Senna depletes Na,

warfarin - diarrhoea decreases absorption of vitamins K and increases bleeding risk

32
Q

aminosalicyclate

A

diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandins production in the colon

33
Q

examples of aminosalicyclate

A

mesalazine

34
Q

indications for aminosalicyclate

A

ulcerative colitis

35
Q

contra-indications for aminosalicyclate

A

salicylate hypersensitivity, renal function should be monitored, blood disorders may occur

36
Q

side effects of aminosalicyclate

A

diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdo pain, exacerbation of colitis symptoms, headache, hypersensitivity rash

drugs y3 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions