GHG External

Question 1

Fit for 55

Answer 1

12 pieces of legislation aimed to ensure the EU will reduce GHG’s by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990 levels

Question 2

ESG Acronym

Answer 2

Environmental, Social and Governance

Question 3

When was the ESG acronym coined?

Answer 3

2005

Question 4

More than X% of S&P 500 companies now publish ESG reports in some form

Answer 4

90%

Question 5

E in ESG covers what topics?

Answer 5

Environmental:
GHGs
Air pollution (non-GHG)
Water and wastewater mgmt
Waste and hazardous materials mgmt
Biodiversity & ecosystems rehab

Question 6

S in ESG covers what topics?

Answer 6

Social:
Labor practices
Health and safety
Diversity and inclusion (Community engagement)
Local economic contribution (Community relations)
Product and service attributes

Question 7

G in ESG covers what topics?

Answer 7

Governance:
Business ethics and data security
Capital allocations, supply chain mgmt
Governance structure and engagement; incentives
Policies; external disclosures; position & advocacy

Question 8

Anthropogenic Emissions

Answer 8

Emissions originating from human activity

Question 9

Amount of annual emissions from O&G Operators

Answer 9

4.1 GtCO2e (~10% of all anthropogenic emissions)
2/3 come from upstream operations

Question 10

EROI

Answer 10

Energy Return on Energy Invested

Question 11

What is more energy intensive, high or low API oil?

Answer 11

20deg API oil is on average 3x more emission intensive than 50deg API oil or higher

Question 12

Emissions that are released through uncontrolled means / degraded infrastructure and equipment

Answer 12

Fugitive emissions

Question 13

3 Decarbonization Levers (McKinsey)

Answer 13

1 - Optimizing Operations
2 - Sustainable Design
3 - Balanced Portfolio

Question 14

4 Operations Emissions Sources

Answer 14

1 - Intermittent flaring and venting
2 - Fugitive emissions
3 - Power generations and energy use
4 - Routing flaring and venting

Question 15

ICP

Answer 15

Internal Carbon Pricing:

an internally set, hypothetical cost per metric ton of emitted CO2—is increasingly used to guide capital investment decisions

Question 16

3 sources of carbon emissions associated with a typical capital asset:

Answer 16

• Emissions from operations
• Emissions from manufacturing
• Emissions from construction

Question 17

X% of the world’s GHG emissions come from agriculture, forestry, and land-use change

Answer 17

25%

Question 18

IPCC

Answer 18

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Question 19

to limit the impact of climate change to 1.5 degrees Celsius requires
1) staying within the cumulative carbon budget of XXX gigatons of equivalent carbon dioxide (GtCO2e)
2) reaching net-zero carbon dioxide emissions globally around XXXX
3) significantly reducing the emissions of other gasses—including methane and nitrous oxide

Answer 19

570
2050

Question 20

How much CO2 equivalent emissions is released globally each year?

Answer 20

50 billion tCO2e