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-What were Koch’s three contributions towards discovering the causes of disease?
Solid medium, staining, method.
When was Guy’s hospital founded and what was different about it?
- Different because founded by a local businessman, Thomas Guy, and not the Christian church.
How did the League deal with the Bulgaria situation of 1925?
Greece was condemned by the League, ordered to pay compensation to Bulgaria and withdraw their troops.
What are the years of the Dark Ages?
500-1400 AD
What year was the Treaty of Versailles and what were its key points?
- Germany had to accept full blame for WW1, could not re-arm and had to accept war reparations equivalent to £6,600 million.
In what year did Japan invade Manchuria?
1931
What important anatomical discovery did Herophilus make at Alexandria?
The brain controls the body.
How many hospitals did the Christian church build in England between 1000 and 1500?
700
What kind of voting took place in Upper Silesia in 1921?
A plebiscite to decide whether the area would be owned by Germany or Poland.
What is disease and infection the story of?
The story of what people throughout History believed made them unwell and how they tried to treat illnesses.
What worried the British government during recruitment for the Boer War in 1899?
40 out of every 100 volunteers were unfit for military service.
What was not allowed in the Rhineland and what was this called?
No troops, weapons or fortifications. This is called being demilitarised.
How did the Kasier try to solve the problem of socialism?
Social reforms were introduced eg 1889 old age pensions plus sickness and accident insurance schemes.
What has Versailles got to do with the Paris Peace Conference?
It was where the Paris Peace conference took place.
What was Laissez-Faire?
A widely held belief at the start of the industrial period that it was not the job of government to try to improve public health.
How did the Kaiser solve the problem of industrialisation?
He gained the support of rich businessmen to improve Germany’s industrial strength. The growth in population (40 million in 1871 to 68 million in 1914) also helped.
How did Harvey use vivisection on animals to prove his theories?
He dissected live, cold blooded animals whose hearts beat very slowly. This meant that he could see the movements of each muscle in the heart.
How many months after the Mukden incident was the Lytton report published?
13 months
What was the book published by Vesalius called?
The Fabric of the Human Body.
What is unusual about the League of Nations and America?
America proposed the creation of the League but did not join. This is because President Wilson was blocked by the Senate of his government.
What did George Clemenceau want from the Paris Peace Conference?
Revenge for French losses and damage in WW1, to cripple Germany militarily, money to rebuild, make France less vulnerable to future attack.
What is the negative way some people remember Stresemann?
That he didn’t properly fix any of Germany’s problems. He just used loans from America to make people think they were fixed.
What worried the British government during recruitment for the Boer War in 1899?
40 out of every 100 volunteers were unfit for military service.
What and when was the ‘Red Rising’ in the Ruhr?
1920: A group of workers, led by Communists who were angry about pay and working conditions. They occupied the Ruhr region of Germany and took over its raw materials but were beaten by the German army and Friekorps/.
What was the Saar and what happened to it in the Treaty of Versailles?
An important industrial area of Germany. It was put under the control of the League of Nations for 15 years.
What was wound man?
A diagram used to instruct surgeons in the Middle Ages how to treat various battlefield injuries.
In what month and year was the Wall Street Crash?
October 1929
-What disease did Pasteur first use his vaccination ideas to treat a human for?
Rabies.
Who was Stressemann, when was he around?
Chancellor of Germany in 1923.
Why was Democracy a problem for the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
The Kaiser’s right wing friends were declining in influence. Left wing parties (concerned with workers rights) were growing.
What was the year and details of the Kaiser’s first Naval law?
1898 - added an additional 7 battleships to the total built each year (to a total of 19).
What does the word Anschluss mean?
Uniting Germany and Austria
What are alternative names for the industrial period?
The nineteenth century and the industrial revolution.
What were some of the things that Wilson wanted in his fourteen points?
No secret treaties, disarmament, self determination in the Austro-Hungarian and Turkish Empires, creation of an independent Poland, creation of the League of Nations.
What did Lord Lytton conclude?
Japan was in the wrong and should not have invaded Manchuria.
What was the main difference between the 1848 and 1875 Public Health Acts?
The first was voluntary, the second was compulsory.
Including colonies, how much territory in total did Germany lose after the Treaty of Versailles?
13%
Why was industrialisation a problem for the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
Germany’s Navy and steel production was half that of Britain’s. Wilhelm wanted Germany to be just as great as Britain.
What is Doctor Christiaan Barnard famous for?
Conducting the first human heart transplant in 1967.
What happened to General Tellini and his men when they went to survey the Greek/Albanian border?
They were murdered.
What was the outcome of the Corfu incident of 1923?
Mussolini was condemned but not punished by the League. Greece was made to pay compensation to the League for the loss of Tellini and his men. Mussolini demanded that this compensation go directly to him and the League agreed. Italian troops then left Corfu.
What is public health the story of?
The story of what the government in any time period did to improve the health of its people.
Which of the League of Nations organisation listed below was its version of a civil service (the people who work for the government)? A. The Assembly B. The Council C. The Permanent court of International Justice D. The Secretariat E. The special commissions
D
What was the military impact of the Kaiser’s naval laws?
Encouraged war.
What did article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles state?
War guilt clause: Germany was to blaming for starting WW1
What is disease and infection the story of?
The story of what people throughout History believed made them unwell and how they tried to treat illnesses.
Who was Woodrow Wilson?
President of the USA in 1919.
What are the three themes comprising the History of Medicine?
Disease and infection, surgery and anatomy, public health.
What social reforms that helped improve public health did the Liberal government in Britain introduce in 1906?
Free school meals for poor children, free medical check and free treatment.
What was Lady Montague’s inoculation for?
Smallpox
How much of its territories did Germany lose as part of the treaty of Versailles?
10%, including Alsace Lorraine which was returned to France.
Which of the League of Nations organisation listed below had the power to offer advice and issue blame but could not actually punish? A. The Assembly B. The Council C. The Permanent court of International Justice D. The Secretariat E. The special commissions
c
What did Poland do in the Vilna incident?
Sent the Polish army to take control of the city, even though it was in Lithuania. Refused to remove the troops even after the League asked them to.
Who was Pu Yi?
The ex-Chinese emperor put in charge of Manchuria after the Japanese invasion, he was to be a ‘puppet’ ruler controlled by the Japanese.
What was the Saar plebiscite to decide?
Who (France or Germany) should rule the area after the 15 years of being controlled by the League of Nations.
What invention of 1451 was as important to communications as the internet in modern times?
The printing press.
What was the year and details of the Kaiser’s second Naval law?
- Doubled the number of battleships to be built each year (to 38).
Why was Socialism a problem for the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
The gap between the rich and poor had widened due to industrialisation. Poorly paid workers had joined trade unions to try to force the Kaiser to improve their conditions.
Which country lost land in the Treaty of St Germain?
Austria
Who convinced striking workers in the Ruhr to return to their jobs, set up a new currency, organised the Locarno pact for improved international relations and got Germany financial aid from America?
Stresseman
What military forces was Germany allowed in the Treaty of Versailles?
Only 6 ships in the navy and no submarines. Only 100,000 soldiers in the army, conscription not allowed and no tanks. No airforce allowed either.
Which country lost out in the Treaty of Neiully?
Bulgaria.
In what country was the Wall Street Crash of 1929?
America.
What would a doctor find that was useful in the Canon of Medicine by Avicenna?
The medical properties of 760 different drugs and chapters on medical problems such as anorexia and obesity.
The Treaty of Lausanne is famous for reversing the tough treatment that Turkey was given in the Treaty of …………………………. ?
Sevres
What did Stressemann do to solve the crisis?
Convinced striking workers in the Ruhr to return to their jobs, new currency, the Locarno pact for improved international relations and got Germany financial aid from America.
When did Louis Pasteur publish Germ Theory?
1861
When was the Treaty of Trianon and which country lost out?
1920, Hungary.
Who was Lord Lytton?
The British politician in charge of the Commission of Inquiry put together by the League to investigate events in Manchuria?
Define natural explanations of disease.
Explanations based on physical evidence, observation and scientific deduction (even if the science is wrong).
What was forbidden between Germany and Austria in the Treaty of Versailles (spelt correctly)?
Anschluss
What is surgery and anatomy the story of?
The story of people’s knowledge through History of the human body plus how operations have changed and improved over time.
What was proportional representation?
Political parties were allocated seats in line with the number of votes received.
What connects the Treaty of Versailles and the Paris Peace Conference?
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the outcomes from the Paris Peace Conference.
What is public health the story of?
The story of what the government in any time period did to improve the health of its people.
What exactly was agreed in the 1935 Anglo-German naval agreement?
Britain agreed that Germany could build its navy to 35% of the size of Britain’s.
What are the years of the Renaissance?
1400-1750
Why was the Saar important to Germany?
It was an important industrial area with many coal mines.
When writing about the League of Nations in a quick form, should you write ‘LON’ or ‘the League?’
‘the League’
Why did Japan want Manchuria in 1931?
The Great Depression had ruined Japan’s silk industry (America was a big customer), Manchuria had vast natural resources and good farmland, Japan already had factories, the South Manchurian railway and the Kwantung army in Manchuria.
What were mandates?
Germany’s colonies in Africa which, as part of the Treaty of Versailles, were in the control of the League of Nations (especially Britain and France).
What were the three main problems facing the Kaiser in the early 1900s?
Industrialisation, socialism, democracy.
How did astrology impact medicine in the Middle Ages?
People started to think that the movement of the stars and the planets could explain illness or give the best time to conduct an operation.
How can the word LAMB help you remember about the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
L=land, A=army, M=money, B=blame
What did Edward Jenner discover?
Smallpox vaccination using cowpox
What was Article 48?
Said that in an emergency the President could make laws without the Reichstag.
What did Lloyd George want from the Paris Peace Conference?
To keep Germany strong for trade with Britain, gain German colonies for Britain, keep the Royal navy powerful, ensure Germany was a buffer against Russia communism.
Which of the League of Nations organisation listed below needed a unanimous decision for it to happen? A. The Assembly B. The Council C. The Permanent court of International Justice D. The Secretariat E. The special commissions
A
