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BIO 101 > Get Ready! > Flashcards

Get Ready! Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cells such as plant and animal cells that contain membrane bound structures, also protista and fungi.

A

Eukaryotic

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2
Q

Cells with no membrane bound structures, such as bacteria.

A

Prokaryotic

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3
Q

Converts energy stored in glucose into ATP through the process of cell respiration

A

Mitochondria

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4
Q

Provides structural support for the cell

A

Cytoskeleton

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5
Q

Thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell

A

Cell membrane

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6
Q

Site of protein synthesis

A

Ribosome

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7
Q

Modifies proteins for import within the cell, contains ribosomes

A

Rough ER

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8
Q

Makes lipids, inactivates toxins

A

Smooth ER

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9
Q

Modifies and packages proteins for export from the cell

A

Golgi body

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10
Q

Digest, recycle materials

A

Lysosome

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11
Q

Produce structures that aid in cell division (only in animals)

A

Centrioles

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12
Q

Site of photosynthesis

A

Chloroplast

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13
Q

Capacity to do work

A

Potential energy

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14
Q

Measured in kilocalories (such as in glucose)

A

Chemical energy

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15
Q

Energy of motion

A

Kinetic energy

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16
Q

Temperature energy

A

Thermal energy

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17
Q

Energy going in such as glucose formation

A

Endergonic reactions

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18
Q

Energy going out such as glucose breakdown

A

Exergonic reactions

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19
Q

Carotenoids can be seen in (two places)

A
  • Chloroplast

* Chromoplast

20
Q

_______ speed up rate of reactions that would have occurred on its own.

A

Enzymes

21
Q

Reactions do not permanently alter or use up ______ molecules.

A

Enzymes

22
Q

The same type of ________ usually work for the forward and reverse directions of a reaction.

A

Enzymes

23
Q

_______ can be affected by: heat, pH level, salt

A

Enzymes

24
Q

Horizontal distance between crests of two successive waves.

A

Wavelength

25
Q

Molecules that absorb wavelengths of light

A

Pigments

26
Q

Materials needed for photosynthesis:

A
  • Light
  • Water
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • Enzymes
  • ATP
27
Q

Two types of photosynthesis:

A
  • Light dependent

* Light independent

28
Q

First step of light dependent reaction:

A

Absorb light and water

29
Q

Second step of light dependent reaction:

A

ATP and NADPH are formed

30
Q

______ is the actual cycle in which glucose is formed.

A

Light independent reaction

31
Q

___ and _____ are needed to perform ________.

A

ATP; NADPH; Light independent reaction

32
Q

Plant cells make their own glucose molecules.

A

Cellular respiration

33
Q

Cells will break down glucose, fats, and proteins

A

Cellular respiration

34
Q

3 stages of cellular respiration:

A
  • Glycolysis
  • Kreb’s cycle
  • Electron transport system
35
Q

Material needed for cellular respiration:

A
  • glucose
  • ATP
  • enzymes
  • oxygen
36
Q

First stage of cellular respiration.

A

Glycolysis

37
Q

Second stage of cellular respiration

A

Kreb’s cycle

38
Q

Third stage of cellular respiration

A

Electron transport system

39
Q

Glycolysis occurs in the _________.

A

cytoplasm

40
Q

Net amount of ATP produced from glycolysis.

A

2

41
Q

What is produced from glycolysis?

A
  • 4 ATP (2 net)
  • NAD+ (an enzyme) has H+ ions and electrons added to it to form NADH
  • pyruvates
42
Q

Kreb’s cycle occurs in the __________.

A

mitochondria

43
Q

What is produced from Kreb’s cycle?

A
  • 2 FADH2
  • 8 NADH
  • 6 CO2
  • 2 ATP
44
Q

Electron transport system occurs in the _______

A

mitochondria

45
Q

Steps of electron transport system: (1-4)

A
  1. NADH and FADH2 deliver electrons and hydrogen ions into transport system.
  2. This creates a H+ and electron gradient.
  3. The movements of these H+ ions and e- will catalyze the formation of 32 ATPs.
  4. Oxygen will bind with the H+ ions and e- to form water.

BIO 101 (1 decks)

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