Gestational trophoblastic disease

Question 1

What is the main cause of a partial molar pregnancy?

Answer 1

Two sperm fertilise one egg results in a triploid genotype 69 XXY

Question 2

When do choriocarcinomas occur?

Answer 2

70% after molar pregnancy
20% after termination of pregnancy
10% after normal pregnancy

Question 3

What is the most common gestational trophoblastic disease?

Answer 3

Benign 75%
Complete 90%
partial 10%

Question 4

What is a complete mole?

Answer 4

A fertilised empty ovum

Question 5

Most common complete mole

Answer 5

one sperm fertilises an empty ovum (46XX)

Question 6

Modes of development of a complete mole

Answer 6

one sperm fertilises an empty ovum (46XX) 75-80%
two sperm fertilise an empty ovum (46XX) or 46(XY)
Diploid
no fetal tissue

Question 7

What is a partial mole?

Answer 7

more than one sperm fertilises an ovum
two sperm = trisomic embryo 69XXY 90% triploid
10% tetraploid or mosaic
fetal tissue/blood cells present

Question 8

Grape like clusters

Answer 8

associated with complete mole - seen on ultrasound - or comes out of the vagina - hydropic chorionic villi

Question 9

Some side effects of raised HCG

Answer 9

nausea and vomiting, thecal lutein cysts, hyperthyroidism