Gero 29

Question 1

Ego integrity

Answer 1

Erikson described ego integrity as “the acceptance of one’s one and only life cycle as something that had to be” (1950, p. 268) and later as “a sense of coherence and wholeness”

Question 2

Elder abuse

Answer 2

Elder abuse includes physical, emotional, or sexual harm inflicted upon an older adult, their financial exploitation, or neglect of their welfare by people who are directly responsible for their care. In the U.S. alone, more than half a million reports of elder abuse reach authorities every year, and millions more cases go unreported.

Question 3

Endocrine theory

Answer 3

The endocrine theory states that, as we age, the endocrine system becomes less efficient and eventually leads to the effects of aging. First, the endocrine system secretes hormones from glands that deliver messages to cells containing information and instructions. The cells are programmed to receive specific messages from the many hormones that circulate through the body. Hormone levels are affected by factors such as stress and infection

Question 4

Envirotype

Answer 4

A set of exogenous factors that affect the phenotype

Question 5

Error accumulation theory

Answer 5

Stochastic - randomly determined Theory states that over time, cummulative mistakes in the RNA and DNA will result in random errors of “copying” functions of the genetic coding. These inaccurate genetic copies will result in transmitting faulty cell functions throughout the body; therefore aging and death are presumed to be a result of errors that occur and are transmitted at the cellular level.

Question 6

Error catastrophe theory

Answer 6

1963 Errors in RNA transmission produce a protein or enzyme that is not an exact copy of the original, therefore being unable to carry out its function in maintaining life. As a result, cells grow older and die, and so do we. Errors are likely because RNA molecules are relatively unstable and formed continuously, whereas DNA molecules are highly stable and maintained throughout the lifespan of the cell.

Question 7

Explicit ageism

Answer 7

Occurs when there is a conscious awareness, intention or control in the thoughts, feelings or actions of an institution, law or person in regards to the treatment or consideration of an older adult.

Question 8

External validity

Answer 8

Questions if we can generalize the findings of the study to other samples, situations and behaviors. Whether or not we can move outside the immediate context of the study and generalize the findings to larger population..

Question 9

Eye, age related changes

Answer 9

Early complaints- difficulty reading, can’t recognize faces, difficulty watching tv, problems with money Cornea - thicker and less curved Anterior chamber - decreases in size Iris - de-pigmentation Pupil - decreased diameter Lens - yellowing, cloudy or opaque Vitreous humor - less gel-like, more liquid, less transparent Retina - loss of rods and cones, narrow blood vessels

Question 10

Facets of measurement

Answer 10

Exactly what will be measured - in frequency and intensity

Question 11

FMLA Family Medical Leave Act

Answer 11

The FMLA entitles eligible employees of covered employers to take unpaid, job-protected leave for specified family and medical reasons with continuation of group health insurance coverage under the same terms and conditions as if the employee had not taken leave.

Question 12

Fee-for-service

Answer 12

Method of charging whereby a physician or other practitioner bills for each encounter or service rendered. this is the usual method of billing by the majority of physicians.

Question 13

Fictive kin

Answer 13

Persons who are treated as family and act as family although they are of no blood relation or marriage ties. They are important elements of social support networks and caregiving….ex: Godparents

Question 14

Fluid intelligence

Answer 14

Has to do with one’s ability to solve new problems on efficient (quick) manner. Is the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge. This level of intelligence has generally been found to show a steady decline in adulthood, particularly when the measures are timed.

Question 15

Polypharmacy

Answer 15

The use of one or more medications concurrently, especially multiples of the same drug Most common results - increased adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, and higher costs Most common in the elderly but also an issue among the general population

Question 16

Population Aging

Answer 16

Aging of population (also known as demographic aging, and population aging) is a summary term for shifts in the age distribution (i.e., age structure) of a population toward older ages. A direct consequence of the ongoing global fertility transition (decline) and of mortality decline at older ages, population aging is expected to be among the most prominent global demographic trends of the 21st century. Population aging is progressing rapidly in many industrialized countries, but those developing countries whose fertility declines began relatively early also are experiencing rapid increases in their proportion of elderly people.