Gero 16

Question 1

IRB Institutional Review Board

Answer 1

Implemented in the 1980’s, the IRB is administrative body established to protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects recruited to participate in research activities conducted under the auspices of the institution with which it is affiliated.

Question 2

Nursing Home Reform Act

Answer 2

The Act was part of the 1987 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act. Under the Nursing Home Reform Act, nursing home residents are entitled to a basic set of rights. These rights are in place to protect each resident’s privacy, individuality, dignity, and medical needs.

Question 3

PSDA - the Patient Self-Determination Act

Answer 3

The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) was passed by the United States Congress in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. Effective on December 1, 1991, this legislation required many hospitals, nursing homes, home health agencies, hospice providers, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and other health care institutions to provide information about advance health care directives to adult patients upon their admission to the healthcare facility.[1][2] This law does not apply to individual physicians.

Question 4

Geriatric Release Program

Answer 4

Created by the General Assembly in 1994 to grant early release to certain categories of older prisoners in Virginia’s correctional institutions.

Question 5

UAI - Uniform Assessment Instrument

Answer 5

Assessment tool developed in 1994 to determine eligibility for publicly funded long-term care services.

Question 6

HIPPA Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Answer 6

1996 and 2003 HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996) is United States legislation that provides data privacy and security provisions for safeguarding medical information. The law has emerged into greater prominence in recent years with the proliferation of health data breaches caused by cyberattacks and ransomware attacks on health insurers and providers. 2003- major goal is to ensure that individual’s health information is properly protected while allowing the flow of information needed to promote high quality care.

Question 7

Olmsted Decision

Answer 7

In 2009, the Civil Rights Division launched an aggressive effort to enforce the Supreme Court’s decision in Olmstead v. L.C., a ruling that requires states to eliminate unnecessary segregation of persons with disabilities and to ensure that persons with disabilities receive services in the most integrated setting appropriate to their needs

Question 8

NCSP National Caregiver Support Program

Answer 8

The National Family Caregiver Support Program (NFCSP) provides grants to states and territories to fund various supports that help family and informal caregivers care for older adults in their homes for as long as possible. NFCSP grantees provide five types of services: information to caregivers about available services assistance to caregivers in gaining access to the services individual counseling, organization of support groups, and caregiver training respite care; and supplemental services, on a limited basis

Question 9

I&R Information and Referral

Answer 9

An essential link between the aging network (AAAs) and the older person or the family members when there are service needs that cannot be met by a caregiver. Example: National 211 phone number, the Eldercare locator, SSA or CMS webisite.

Question 10

Justice

Answer 10

As such, it is linked to fairness, entitlement and equality. In health care ethics, this can be subdivided into three categories: fair distribution of scarce resources (distributive justice), respect for people’s rights (rights based justice) and respect for morally acceptable laws (legal justice) (Gillon, 1994).

Question 11

Compensatory Justice

Answer 11

Compensatory justice refers to the provision of resources to a victim of injustice with the goal of minimizing or reversing the impact of harm done by the injustice.

Question 12

Distributive Justice

Answer 12

Distributive justice is concerned with the fair allocation of resources among diverse members of a community. Fair allocation typically takes into account the total amount of goods to be distributed, the distributing procedure, and the pattern of distribution that results.

Question 13

Procedural Justice

Answer 13

Procedural justice refers to the idea of fairness in the processes that resolve disputes and allocate resources. It is a concept that, when embraced, promotes positive organizational change and bolsters better relationships. Procedural justice speaks to four principles, often referred to as the four pillars: fairness in the processes transparency in actions opportunities for voice impartiality in decision making

Question 14

Laboratory study/Experimental

Answer 14

Researcher studies participants in specialized controlled environment where variables are introduced at predetermined times. High control of the independent variable is realistic but the behaviors measured may not be generalizable.

Question 15

Leading causes of death

Answer 15

2000 Heart disease, cancer, stroke (50% of all deaths) COPD Unintentional injuries Pneumonia/illness Diabetes Suicide Kidney disease Chronic liver disease Cirrhosis

Question 16

Lessened Reserve Capacity

Answer 16

The human body has a certain capacity to withstand potentially adverse effects of environmental exposures. Chemical exposures may result in a weakening of the body defenses, i.e. a decrease in reserve capacity, thus leading to increased susceptibility to other exposures. With aging, there is a lessened reserve capacity in all the organ systems.