Gero 1 Flashcards
Gerontology:
Gerontology:
study of all aspects of the aging process
- Emotion and physiological
- The study of ALL aspects of the aging process and the consequences of these problems for both the elderly population and society
(the broader one)
Geriatrics:
based on the medical model- (focused more on diagnoses and treatment of diseases)
Pre-elderly age
55-64 years
Young-old age
65-74 years
Middle-old age
75-84 years
Frail-old age
75+ needing services; or 85+
Oldest-old
85+
Elite-old
95+
Centenarians age
100+
Supercentenarians age
110+
Statistics about US population
Total US population = ______ million
Of, these ___ million are ____ years or older (____%), more than 1 in every 7 Americans
By 2030, 72 million and almost 1 in __ Americans (___%) will be 65+
Total US population = 331.9 million
Of, these 56 million are 65 years or older (16.9%), more than 1 in every 7 Americans
By 2030, 72 million and almost 1 in 5 Americans (20%) will be 65+
By ______, all baby boomers will be older than _____. Now, every 1 in 5 residents will be retirement age
Baby boomer impact on the growth of the older population is referred to as the…
2030
65
demographic tidal wave
Persons reaching age 65 have an average life expectancy of an additional _____ years (___ years for females and ____ years for males)
Persons reaching age 65 have an average life expectancy of an additional 19.5 years (20.6 years for females and 18.1 years for males)
The fastest-growing segment of the US pop. is how old?
85
How many centenarians in the US in 2022?
97,104
o What are the main reasons for the increase in life expectancy?
- Access to better health care
- Taking better care of their health
- Vaccinations, immunizations, and medications
- Technology
U.S. population by Age and Gender: The “Rectangularization of Aging”
After WWII, the baby boomers were born (19__-19__)
According to the graphs, the percentage of the population was almost in a _______
shape. As the baby boomers generation grew older, their bracket set continued to move
up until the graph resembled the shape of a ______
This indicates the need for more nurses and improved health care
U.S. population by Age and Gender: The “Rectangularization of Aging”
After WWII, the baby boomers were born (1946-1964)
According to the graphs, the percentage of the population was almost in a pyramidal
shape. As the baby boomers generation grew older, their bracket set continued to move
up until the graph resembled the shape of a rectangle
This indicates the need for more nurses and improved health care
Life expectancy at Birth and By Gender:
Women tend to live longer than males
Minorities tend to not live as long as the ____ population. This is usually due to access to
health care, economics, and socioeconomic status
However, after age 75/80, minorities tend to have _____ personalities and they have access
to better health care
white
hardy
In the US, there will be an increase in the
nonwhite population (projected by 2060)
Higher mortality rate seen in minority groups that are non-Hispanic whites except Asians until age 75
and then they have…
o Hardiness personality
o Better health
o Can handle challenges better
Population age 65+
o Racial and ethnic composition- minorities ______ in population while nonwhite population is
_______
o Majority of men are ______. _____ percentages of women who are married or widowed.
o Living arrangements – more ___ are living with a spouse than ____
o Racial and ethnic composition- minorities increasing in population while nonwhite population is
decreasing
o Majority of men are married. Equal percentages of women who are married or widowed.
o Living arrangements – more men are living with a spouse than women
Type of Dwelling
o ___% - houses, apartments, public housing
o ___% - nursing homes
o ___% - congregate housing, continuing care retirement communities, personal care homes,
boarding homes, hotels, etc.
o 90% - houses, apartments, public housing
o 5% - nursing homes
o 5% - congregate housing, continuing care retirement communities, personal care homes,
boarding homes, hotels, etc.
About half (51%) of America’s elders 65+ lived in the nine most populous states in 2019:
§ California
§ Florida
§ New York
§ Texas
§ Pennsylvania
§ Ohio
§ Illinois
§ Michigan
§ North Carolina
Education has ______- more older adults have high school and college degrees
improved
Labor force:
Older adults are working ______
By 2019, 39% of men and 30% of women ages 65-69 were in the labor force. These levels are projected to rise
At age 70+, 17% of men and 10% of women remained in the labor force
longer
__% of older adults live at poverty level
12%
Between $10,000 and $35,000 was the _______income for elderly
majority
Majority of income comes from
social security
Poverty rate in 1966 and before, older adults had a _____ percentage of poverty level but that has _______ over time
Poverty rate in 1966 and before, older adults had a higher percentage of poverty level but that has decreased over time
Programs benefiting older Americans
1935- Social Security Act
1961- First white house conference on aging
1965- Older Americans Act created nutrition programs, transportation; SSA amended to provide medicare and medicaid
1972- Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
1991- Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act- nursing home reform law implemented
Health insurance- most older adults are receiving
medicare
Compressions of morbidity
The delay or postponement of illness and disability caused by chronic illness due to improvements in
lifestyle and medical technology
It is compressed to a brief period at the end of the lifespan
o Tend to be pretty healthy w/ their illness until close to the end of life (when there’s more
expenses & disability)–“Postponement of severe disability”
ANA standards of gero nursing practice
Standards of Practice: ADOPIE
o 1 - Assessment
o 2 – Diagnosis
o 3 - Outcomes Identification
o 4 – Planning
o 5 - Implementation
(4 pts)
o 6 – Evaluation
o 5 - Implementation
§ Coordination of care
§ Health teaching & promotion
§ Consultation
§ Prescriptive authority & treatment
- By 2020, up to ____ of nurses’ time will be spent with older adults
o Elder care is projected to be the fastest-growing employment sector in health care
75%
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