Germany (Section A) Flashcards
How strong was the autocratic rule in Germany by 1914? Why? What was the political climate?
Very strong. Almost all people were happy with their government and proud of the Kaiser and their army was probably the finest in the world. There was great optimism about the power and strength of Germany.
What were the impacts of WW1 on Germany?
The proud, nationalistic German people had been crushed by the war. They were living on very small rations. When the Kaiser refused the Allies that Germany would become more democratic, there were revolts. So the Kaiser fled and a new government was set up.
When was the Nazi party started and what were its policies?
The Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s party was started in 1920 with views and policies that were crafted to appeal to all of the German people.
What were Hitler’s beliefs? 5 things
He wanted to :
- Abolish the Treaty of Versailles
- Make a union between Germany and Austria
- Only ‘True Germans’ to be allowed in Germany
- Large industries and businesses to be nationalized.
- A strong central government for Germany
Why did Hitler launch the Munich Putsch?
He wanted to topple the Weimar government.
What happened at the Munich Putsch?
On November 8 1923, Nazi storm troopers began taking over official buildings. The Weimar government hit back the next day and police rounded up the storm troopers and 16 nazis were killed. Hitler escaped in a car.
Why did the Munich Putsch fail?
Hitler miscalculated the mood of the German people. People did not rise up to support him as he hoped.
What were the consequences of the Munich Putsch? Short + Long term
In the short term it was a disaster. Hitler was charged with treason. However, Hitler impressed everyone at the trial with his ideas. He gained a lot of publicity and was given a reduced sentence of five years. Hitler served only nine months in great comfort in Landsberg castle. He had gained support from important figures.
How did Weimar Germany recover under Stresemann?
It recovered well. There were no revolts and the politics became more stable. The economy was improved by the new currency and Germany was admitted into the League of Nations.
Were the Golden years really that Golden?
Although culture progressed and art and music evolved. This sparked controversy for some people as they did not want not be distanced from the traditional art of the past.
Why did the Nazis begin to gain support in Germany? Three reasons.
Many people wanted a stronger leader as the government had become indecisive.
Many thought reparations were adding to Germany’s problems
Many thought the policy on poverty was wrong, and that the many people made poor by the depression should join the army to be useful.
What effects did the Wall Street crash and the depression have in Germany?
The optimism for Weimar Germany vanished and the problems with it became glaringly obvious, raising popularity for the nazis.
Why were the Nazis so successful in elections by 1932? 3 things.
Because Hitler’s charisma in his rallies and the policies worked with the problems raised by the great depression and the fall of the Weimar government. Propaganda and fear mongering against communism also contributed
Why did Weimar Germany collapse?
The Weimar was not suited to the conditions of the depression and it turned into a string of bad decisions that ultimately led to the collapse.
How did Hitler become Chancellor?
After being refused twice by Von Hindenberg, he was elected not by the German people, but by a behind-the-scenes deal with some german aristocrats.
