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History > Germany in transition > Flashcards

Germany in transition Flashcards

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1
Q

When did did the First World War break out

A

1914

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2
Q

Who was fighting in ww1

A

The triple entente (Britain, France and Russia) and the triple alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy)

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3
Q

When was the German army at point of collapse

A

Autumn 1918

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4
Q

When did the kaiser abdicate

A

9 November 1918

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5
Q

When the kaiser fled what did Germany become

A

Republic

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6
Q

What is republic

A

A government in which power is exercised by representatives elected by the people

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7
Q

What is an armistice

A

An agreement to end hostilities in a war

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8
Q

What was the Weimar Republic

A

This followed the abdication of the Kaiser when Germany became republic it is named after the town of Weimar where the temporary government met to write a new constitution

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9
Q

When Did Germany’s provisional government agree to an armistice

A

11th of November

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10
Q

When did the first constituent assembly meet for the first time

A

When did the first constituent assembly meet for the first time January 1919 in the town of Weimar

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11
Q

How long did the Weimar Republic last

A

From 1919 to 1933

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12
Q

How Many presidents did the Weimar Republic have

A

Two Friedrich Albert rose from 1918 to 25 and Paul von Hindenburg road from 1925 to 34

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13
Q

What was the weimar Republic system of voting

A

They use proportional representation to elect members of the Reichstag

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14
Q

How was the Chancelor be appointed in the Weimar Republic

A

By the president and was meant to be a leader of the largest party

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15
Q

What was article 48

A

Law that allowed the president to lead in a state of emergency but after 1930 chancellors who did not lead the largest party was allowed to use it

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16
Q

What is coalition government and why did the Weimar Republic use it

A

The use of proportional representation voting meant that parties obtained seats in the Rhine stag in direct proportion to the total number of votes cast for them this led to coalition government

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17
Q

When was the treaty of versailles signed by the German government

A

The 28th of June 1919

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18
Q

How many clauses did the treaty of Versailles have

A

440

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19
Q

What were the territorial terms of the treaty of Versailles

A

Germany lost 13% of its land
6 million citizens and all colonial possessions it was forbidden to unite with Austria Alsace-Lorraine was given to France East Prussia was to be cut off from the rest of Germany by the Polish corridor and the Saarland was to be administered by the league of Nations

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20
Q

What were the military terms of the treaty of Versailles

A

The German army was limited to 100,000 men it couldn’t have any tanks heavy guns aircraft or submarines the Navy ships must have a 10,000 tons of weight and the Rhineland was to be demilitarised

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21
Q

What’s with the financial terms of the treaty of Versailles

A

Under clause 231 (war guilt) Germany had to accept full responsibility and pay money as reparations 6600 million was fixed in 1921

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22
Q

With a political terms of the treaty of Versailles

A

Germany was forbidden to join the newly created league of Nations Germany also had to accept blame for causing the war

23
Q

What is LAMB

A

Land
Army
Money
Blame

24
Q

Who didn’t like the Weimar Republic

A

It lists socialists, nationalists, Army leaders and those who had to run Germany before 1918

25
Q

What are socialists

A

A person who believes in state ownership

26
Q

What is a nationalist

A

Person who has a passionate devotion to their country

27
Q

The initial reaction to the Weimar Republic

A

It was initially unpopular because it had surrendered, established a weak constitution and failed to end food shortages

28
Q

Who led the Spartacist league

A

Karl liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg

29
Q

What did the Spartacist league want to do

A

Establish a state based on Communist ideals

30
Q

What’s happened in December 1918

A

The Spartacist formed the German communist party

31
Q

What’s happened on the 6th of January 1919

A

The Spartacist began their attempt to overthrow the Weimar government in order to create a communist state

32
Q

How did the government put down the rebellion of the Spartacist’s

A

They used the reichswehr and the freikorps and The Spartacist leaders were captured and executed

33
Q

What is the reichswehr

A

The regular German army

34
Q

What are the freikorps

A

Paramilitary groups formed from demobilised soldiers at the end of the war

35
Q

What is the Chancellor

A

The head of the German government chosen by the president

36
Q

What is a putsch

A

A political uprising

37
Q

What happened in March 1920

A

Weimar tried to disband freikorps this led to the kap Putsch

38
Q

What was the kapp putsch

A

March 1920 attempt to overthrow the Social Democratic Party (SPD) government, carried out by army officers, Freikorps members and right-wing nationalists.

39
Q

Happened on the 8th of November 1923

A

The Munich putsch

40
Q

What was the Munich putsch

A

When Hitler and 600 Nazis burst into a public meeting in Munich and the Bavarian chief minister von kahr and the army chief von Lossow agreed to help in the plan to take over German gov in Berlin they later informed the police and authorities

41
Q

What was the outcome of the Munich putsch

A

19 Nazis and four policemen were killed Hitler was put on trial and the Nazi party was banned

42
Q

What is inflation

A

When the value of a currency is reduced the same amount of money buys you fewer things

43
Q

What is passive resistance

A

Opposition that does not involve violence

44
Q

What is hyperinflation

A

A very extreme form of inflation where money becomes almost worthless

45
Q

What happens between 1923 and 1914

A

The currency had been devalued by inflation

46
Q

What Made it even harder to pay reparations

A

The loss of industrial areas after Versailles

47
Q

How did the Weimar government try to deal with inflation to pay France and Belgium and its own workers

A

They started printing off more money

48
Q

What did printing off money do to help inflation

A

Nothing it’s only made the value of German currency fall rapidly

49
Q

What happened in 1921 and then again in January 1923

A

French and Belgian troops invaded the industrial district of the Ruhr in the Rhineland

50
Q

Why did the French and Belgian troops invade the district of the Ruhr

A

They were angry because they needed the money from reparations to pay off their war debts to the USA

51
Q

What did the German workers do to protest the occupation of French and Belgian troops in the Ruhr

A

They went on strike but many were shot by French troops and led to demonstrations against the invasion

52
Q

What did the German government do to pay the people on strike in 1923

A

Print even more money

53
Q

Who did inflation benefit

A

Businessman who had borrowed money from banks
Food shortages led to the rising prices which helped farmers
And foreigners in Germany could afford things other people couldn’t

History (3 decks)

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