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Gcse History Edexcel > Germany (booklet one) > Flashcards

Germany (booklet one) Flashcards

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1
Q

When did WWI start and end?

A

1914 to 1918

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2
Q

How many Germans fought in WW1?

A

11 million

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3
Q

How many German troops died in WW1?

A

2 million

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4
Q

How many German troops were wounded in WW1?

A

4 million

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5
Q

How much did the German government debt increase from as a result of WW1?

A

5 billion marks to 150 billion marks

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6
Q

What did the British Navy do to German ports?

A

Blockaded them, so that supplies could not be brought in

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7
Q

How many Germans died as a result of food shortages?

A

Over 750,000

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8
Q

What options are many of the German people left with by 1918?

A

Revolts, Strike at the Stuttgart Daimler factory or Riots in Hanover

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9
Q

What did the army refuse to do to the rioters in Hanover?

A

Refuse to control them as they agreed with the riot

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10
Q

What were formed in many cities as a method of taking over the government?

A

Workers’ councils and soldiers’ councils

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11
Q

When was the Navy mutiny?

A

October 1918

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12
Q

Where was the German strike of 7 November 1918?

A

Munich, in the state of Bavaria

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13
Q

Who was the strike lead by?

A

Jewish communist named Kurt Eisener

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14
Q

Where was the Kaiser on 9 November 1918?

A

Army,headquarters in Spa 700 km from Berlin

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15
Q

Did the minister tell him to do to save Germany?

A

Abdicate

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16
Q

Did the Kaiser agree to abdicating at first?

A

No

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17
Q

What support did the Kaiser lose next?

A

The army

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18
Q

Who told him that he had lost support of the army?

A

General Willhelm Groener

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19
Q

What did the Kaiser do on the evening of November 9?

A

He abdicated

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20
Q

Where was he by the early morning of 10 November?

A

In exile in Holland

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21
Q

What does the term armistice mean?

A

To cease fighting

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22
Q

By signing the armistice, what was Germany doing?

A

Surrender to the allies, and admitting that they had lost WW1

23
Q

When was the armistice signed?

A

11 November 1918

24
Q

Who signed the armistice for Germany?

A

Matthias Erzberger

25
Q

What was the Dolchstoss theory?

A

The Dolchstoss or the ‘stabbing in the back myth’ was a notion widely believed in the right wing circle in Germany, after 1918, that the German army did not lose WW1 on the battlefield, but instead was betrayed by politicians, who made the new Republic

26
Q

Who were the November criminals?

A

The German government leaders who signed the armistice on November 11, 1918

27
Q

Who announced the Kaiser’s abdication?

A

Philip Scheidemann one the leaders of the SDP

28
Q

Would Germany be without the Kaiser?

A

A Republic

29
Q

Who was the leader of the SPD?

A

Freidrich Ebert

30
Q

Who handed the power over to Ebert on 9 November?

A

Max Von Baden, the Kaiser’s chancellor

31
Q

Who did Ebert make an agreement with to block the power of the communists?

A

General Groener of the army

32
Q

What did Ebert do to the Reichstag on 10 November?

A

He suspended it

33
Q

What was the Reichstag temporarily replaced with?

A

Council of people’s representatives made up of six moderate politicians

34
Q

What was this meant to prevent?

A

Anarchy and lawlessness

35
Q

What did Ebert hope to establish soon?

A

A new constitution

36
Q

Who did Ebert arrange to work with and support the worker’s and soldier’s council

A

Civil servants had worked under the Kaiser

37
Q

What activities were the civil servants to focus on?

A

Collecting taxes and running public services such as schools

38
Q

What did Ebert promised the army?

A

Not to take officer’s ranks or try to reform the army

39
Q

What did General Groener promise?

A

But the army would support the Republic

40
Q

What did Ebert from a certain industrial owners?

A

When new Republic would not confiscate land or factories from them, and there would be no nationalisation such as state controls of private industries

41
Q

Name one industrial owner who supported Ebert?

A

Hugo Stinnes

42
Q

Who is the leader of trade unions?

A

Carl Legien

43
Q

What did Ebert promise Legein?

A

To try to get 8 hour working days for the working class

44
Q

Why did Ebert want to elect a national assembly?

A

To create a new constitution for Germany

45
Q

When were the elections for the national assembly?

A

19 January 1919

46
Q

What percentages of eligible Germans voted?

A

82%

47
Q

What percentages of the vote did the SPD get?

A

40%

48
Q

What percentages of the vote did the central party get?

A

20%

49
Q

When did the national assembly meet for the first time?

A

February 1919

50
Q

Where do they meet?

A

Town of Weimar 250 km from Berlin

51
Q

Why did they meet here?

A

Because it was too much violence in Berlin

52
Q

When was a new constitution agreed?

A

31st of July 1919

53
Q

How many votes for and how many voted against the new constitution?

A

262 votes for, 75 votes against

54
Q

What was the name of the new Republic?

A

The Weimar Republic

Gcse History Edexcel (3 decks)

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