Germany Between The Wars Flashcards

0
Q

What was the Weimar constitution

A

Proportional representation
Reichsrat- delay measures passed by reichstag
Reichstag- parliament
President- elected every 7 years, chose chancellor

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1
Q

What happened in 1919?

A

Kaiser abdicated
Friedrich Edbert took over
New Democratic government

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2
Q

Problems in Weimar Republic

A

Difficult to make decisions, to many parties
Hard to pick chancellor who had reichstag support
New government had to accept the treaty, so already disliked
Outbreaks of trouble, freikorps to keep the peace

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3
Q

Reasons for discontent

A

People poor and starving
November criminals
Blamed Jews, communist and government
Government seen as weak, treaty made living conditions worse

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4
Q

What was the spartacist revolt

A

Communist
Karl Liebknecht
Rosa Luxemburg
Defeated by freikorps

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5
Q

What was the Kapp Putsch

A
1920
Right wing freikorps 
Wolfgang kapp 
General strike
Gave up 
Not punished, many sympathised
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6
Q

Who signed rapallo treaty with Russia

A

Jewish foreign minister

Reason for people not liking Jews

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7
Q

What happened in 1923

A
Couldn't pay respirations
France and Belgium occupied Ruhr 
Industrial part of Germany 
Refused to work
Industry damaged
Hyperinflation
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8
Q

Results of hyperinflation

A

Bank savings became worthless

German mark became worthless

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9
Q

What did stresemann do

A
1923- told Ruhr to go back to work
1924- Dawes plan& rentenmark
1925- F&B left the Ruhr 
Locarno treaty, accepted western borders 
1926- joins league & council
1928- Kellogg Briand pact
1929- young plan, reduced longer time
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10
Q

Cultural achievements

A

Art, architecture,music, lit

Not everyone approved, immoral

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11
Q

What was the Munich putsch

A
1923
Weimar looked weak
Overthrow government 
Occupied beer hall in Bavaria 
Marched into Munich with stormtroopers
But was fired at by police
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12
Q

What did hitler say in mein kampf

A

Aryan race were master race
Join Austria and Germany (Anschluss )
Lebensraum
Tear up treaty

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13
Q

What did hitler do after Munich putsch

A

Gain control legally

Used propaganda

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14
Q

How did hitler gain power

A
1932- 6 million unemployed
Hitler uses depression 
Stands against Hindenburg loses
Largest part in reichstag
Chancellor
Called for election - 1933
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15
Q

What did hitler do in 1933 to win election

A
Controlled media
Opposition meetings banned
SA terrorised opponents
Reichstag fire
Enabling act
Night of long knives
Takes over - 1934
16
Q

What was the night of the long knives

A
Rivals in the party
Ernst rohm controlled SA
Hitler sent his own men to arrest him
He was killed  
Opposition stamped out
Hindenburg died 
Hitler made fuhrer
17
Q

What were the methods of control

A

Propaganda - Goebbels, Olympics
Censorship - executed
Police state - Himmler, Gestapo, death camps
Church - signed agreement with Catholic Church
No trade unions

18
Q

How did Germany grow under the nazis

A

Gave work- autobahns, faked sats, prep for war
Work for rewards - national labour service
Strength through joy- holidays, film
Beauty of labour- working conditions
Low pay no strikes

19
Q

How were young people effected

A
Hitler youth compulsory from 1939
League of German maidens
Soldiers and wives
Teaching propaganda
Nazi teachers association
Subjects rewritten
20
Q

How were women effected

A

Produce large families- awarded
Studied cookery
Aryan husbands
Needed to go back to work in 1937

21
Q

8 reasons for hitlers success

A
Jobs
National pride 
Rallies
Army support 
Fear
22
Q

What opposition was there

A
Jehovah's Witnesses 
Pope pius
Edelweiss pirates
Swing kids
White rose
Army - bomb plot 1944
23
Q

Persecution in nazi Germany

A

1935- Nuremberg laws , Jews not citizens, marriage and sex between Jews and non Jews
1938- Krystal nacht, Jew murdered German diplomat in Paris , riots, Jews arrested
1940- Jews put in ghettos
1942- final solution