Germany 1918-1945 Names, Dates and Figures Flashcards
Learn all the important dates, names and figures!! Not to learn details!
Who was the Emperor of Germany?
Kaiser Wilhem the 2nd (King of Prussia)
Who was the leader of the Social Democratic Party?
Friedrich Ebert
Who was the head of the government, after the Kaiser had fled?
Friedrich Ebert
Who were the leaders of the Spartacus League?
Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht
When was the Spartacist Rising?
5th January 1919
How much did Germany have to pay in reparations, according to the Treaty of Versailles?
132,000 million marks (£6,600 million)
When was the Munich Putsch?
8th November 1923
Who was the Bavarian Leader, and what did he want?
Gustav Ritter von Kahr. He wanted to break away from Germany.
When was the Red Rising in the Ruhr?
March 1920, after the Kapp Putsch
When was the Kapp Putsch?
March 1920
What did Germany announce in 1922?
That it couldn’t pay any more reparations for 3 years.
When did the French invade the Ruhr?
9th January 1923
When was the Nazi Party founded?
1919, with 50 members
What was the full name of the Nazi Party?
National Socialist German Workers’ Party
When did Hitler begin his prison sentence, after the Munich Putsch?
1st April 1924
When was he released? How much of his prison sentence did he actually serve?
December 1924. Served 8 months of a 5 year sentence
When did he re-found the Nazi party, and under what condition?
It was re-founded in February 1925, in return for a promise not to break any laws
When was the ‘Golden Twenties’? (years, not just ‘the twenties!!)
1924-1929
When was the Wall Street Crash?
October 1929
When was the Dawes Plan set up?
1924
When was the Young Plan set up?
1929
When were the Locarno Treaties signed?
1925
When did Germany join the League of Nations?
1926
How many Germans were unemployed by 1932?
7-9 million
How many people were directly affected by unemployment in 1932?
23 million (taking into account families who depend on wages of those now unemployed)
Who was the President of Germany from 1925 to 1934?
Paul von Hindenburg
Who was the leader of the Centre Party and chancellor from 1930 to 1932?
Heinrich Bruning
Who became chancellor in 1932?
Franz von Papen
Who was chancellor after Franz von Papen?
General Schleicher
When was Hitler made Chancellor?
30th January 1933
Who ran the Nazi’s propaganda campaign?
Joseph Goebbles
Who was caught at the scene of the Reichstag Fire?
Communist Marinus van der Lubbe
When was the Reichstag Fire?
27th February 1933
When was the Enabling Law voted on?
24th March 1933
When was the Night of the Long Knives?
Nigh of 30th June 1934
Who was the leader of the SA
Ernst Rohm
When did Hitler become both President and Chancellor - Fuhrer?
2nd August, 1934. When President Hindenburg died.
What was Hitler’s title from the 2nd August 1934?
Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor
When did every soldier in the army swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler?
2nd August 1934 - same day he became Fuhrer and Reich Chancellor
When were the Nuremberg Laws made? What did they prevent?
- Jews couldn’t become German citizens, and were stripped of basic rights.
When was the Night of Broken Glass?
10th November 1938
When were the Jews ordered to pay a fine to the government? How much did they have to pay?
12th November 1938. 1 billion marks
Who was the Leader of the SS and the Chief of the German Police?
Heinrich Himmler
Who was in charge of the Four Year Plan?
Hermann Goering
What was the youth group for boys aged 10-14?
Young German Folk (Deutsches Jungvolk)
What was the youth group for girls aged 10-14?
Young Girls (Jung Madel)
What was the youth group for boys aged 14-18?
Hitler Youth (Hitler Jugend)
What was the youth group for girls aged 14-18?
League of German Girls (Bund Deutscher Madel)
When were youth groups made compulsory?
1939
Who led Protestant Christians to form the ‘Confessional Church’?
Martin Niemoller
When did Germany win back the Saar? How did they do it?
- The people voted in a plebiscite, and 9/10 chose to return.
When did Hitler re-militarise the Rhineland?
1936
When did Hitler unite with Austria to form ‘Greater Germany’?
1938
When was the Sudetenland handed over to Germany?
October 1938
When did Bohemia and Moravia become protectorates of Germany?
1939
When did Hitler seize Memel?
March 1939
When did Germany invade Poland?
1st September 1939
When did Hitler demand the return of Danzig and a road and railway to be built across the Polish Corridor?
April 1939
When did Hitler invade Holland and Belgium?
10th May 1940
How long did it take Hitler to defeat Holland and Belguim
3 weeks
What is the name of the method of warfare used by Germany to invade Poland, Holland, Belgium and France?
Blitzkrieg, or lightning war
When did France surrender?
22nd June 1940
When did Hitler invade the Soviet Union, breaking the non-aggression pact?
June 1941
When did the Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto resist against the SS?
April 1943
What was the name of the German right wing opposition group?
Kreisau Circle
What was the name of a left wing spy organisation for the Soviet Union? Who led it?
The Red Orchestra. The biggest left wing opposition group was led by Anton Saefkow
Who led the White Rose?
Students from Munich University called Hans and Sophie Scholl and Christoph Probst
When was Germany forced out of the Soviet Union?
1944
When did Germany and Italy surrender in Africa?
May 1943
When did Italy surrender?
July 1943
When was D-Day?
6th June 1944
When did Germany surrender?
1945
