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History > Germany 1918 - 1945 > Flashcards

Germany 1918 - 1945 Flashcards

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1
Q

When was The Treaty of Versailles?

A

28th June 1919

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2
Q

What were the punishments for the Germany at The Treaty of Versailles?

A

L.A.M.B
Land, Army, Money, Blame
13% Land taken, Army reduced to 10000, £6,600 million reparations, Blame for WWI

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3
Q

What was the Spartacist uprising?

A

German Communists (KPD) tried to overthrow the WR but they failed after Ebert called on the Friekorps to stop it

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4
Q

What was the Kapp Putsch?

A

When the Friekorps and Military tried to overthrow the Government to give power back to the Kaiser. Was stopped when the public went on strike so no food or water

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5
Q

When was the Ruhr Crisis?

A

January 1923 - July 1925 the Ruhr was occupied by French and Belgian forces

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6
Q

What happened in the Ruhr Crisis?

A

French and Belgian forces invaded the industrial areas of Germany after they failed to pay reparations. They took raw materials from the Ruhr instead

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7
Q

What were the effects of the Ruhr Crisis?

A

The workers went on strike, and the Government printed more money to pay them, leading to hyperinflation

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8
Q

What happened in Hyperinflation?

A

After hyperinflation started, it was hard to stop and it got out of control. After 5yrs 0.63 marks loaf of bread was 201,000,000 marks

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9
Q

New Currency - Rentenmark

A

Stopped Hyperinflation, Money printing was tightly controlled, Brought back Foreign trade
Didn’t bring back pensions or savings

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10
Q

Dawes Plan

A

USA loans of 800 million marks to boost German economy, Reparations reduced, industrial production was up
Reliant on USA for money, still have debt and interest

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11
Q

Young Plan

A

Reparations reduced again, economy is up, Public Happy, 86% supported plan
Nazis didn’t like it, Economy crashed

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12
Q

Locarno treaties

A

Making amends with European countries, agreed on western borders
Germany lost land on the west for good, Nazis disagreed again, Eastern border not agreed

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13
Q

League of Nations

A

Germany involved in big discussions, starting to be accepted, public Happy
Didn’t fix Treaty of Versailles, Nazis disagreed again

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14
Q

Kellog-Briand Pact

A

Weimar Republic respected by international community, didn’t have to go to war
Didn’t really happen, Nazis disagreed (again)

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15
Q

What was the 25-Point program?

A

A list of 25 points that the Nazis told the public were their ideals and the public mostly agreed

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16
Q

What was the Munich Putsch?

A

An uprising of the Nazi party that started in Munich, when Hitler stormed the Beer hall and forced Von Kahr and Von Lassow to support him. They failed. 16 civilians and 4 police died.

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17
Q

Effects of the Munich Putsch

A

16 Civilans and 4 police died, Hitler fled and was later arrested and sentenced to 5yrs in prison, NSDAP banned and support dropped

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18
Q

What actually happened for the effects of the Munich Putsch

A

Hitler served 9 months, used trial for publicity and wrote ‘Mein Kampf’ while in prison, NSDAP unbanned in 1925, Nazi members up

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19
Q

Who was Head of propaganda?

A

Joseph Goebbles

20
Q

What new force was instigated?

A

The SS took over in Hitler’s bodyguard

21
Q

Who funded the NSDAP?

A

Big businessmen like Krupp gave large donations

22
Q

When did Hitler become Chancellor?

A

January 30th 1933

23
Q

When did the Reichstag burn down and who did Hitler blame?

A

27th February 1933 Hitler blamed the Communists

24
Q

When was the enabling act passed?

A

24th March 1933

25
Q

How did Hitler use the Enabling Act? (3 reasons)

A

Took over local Governments, Banned trade unions and Banned opposing parties

26
Q

When was the Night of the Long Knives?

A

30th June 1933

27
Q

What happened in the Night of the long knives?

A

Many people were killed and arrested for being communist, being opposition and being untrustworthy

28
Q

When did President Hindenburg die?

A

2nd August 1934

29
Q

How many people voted for Hitler?

A

90% of Germany

30
Q

What methods did Hitler use to control the Population?

A

Terror, Censorship and propaganda

31
Q

How did the Nazis instill terror?

A

The SS intimidated the public, the Gestapo were everywhere, the Law courts were unfair and biased, concentration camps was punishment

32
Q

What was the Gestapo?

A

The Gestapo were secret police who relied on voluntary informers to give them information. They arrested many people

33
Q

What was censored?

A

Film, Books, Radio, Papers and Art

34
Q

What propaganda methods were used?

A

Film, Posters, Rallies and Parades, Radio, Papers, 1936 Olympics and Art

35
Q

How did the Church oppose the Nazis?

A

There were some secret churches, and some Christians even plotted to assassinate Hitler

36
Q

Life for Women in Nazi Germany

A

Their main roles were the have children, cook for the family and stay at home
3 K’s - Kinder, Kirche, Küche

37
Q

Education in Nazi Germany

A

Taught ‘Race studies’, indoctrinated, Girls taught Domestic Sciences, Boys taught Maths and Science

38
Q

Youth movements

A

Swore loyalty to the Nazis, separated Boys and Girls

39
Q

Rationing

A

Food was heavily rationed, goods exchanged for stamps, 1,000,000 died from starvation, disease was common as immune system weak from hunger

40
Q

Allied Bombing

A

300,000 - 400,000 civilians killed, 7.5 million homeless, Germans had damaged morale

41
Q

Total war

A

All German business work towards the war effort, 7 million prisoners worked for German industry, 60 hours per week work, civilians feared invasion, everyone was hungry from extreme rationing

42
Q

Employment of Women

A

Women were strongly encouraged to go back to work after they had been banned from it previously, 60% of workforce was women, when men came back from the war, their jobs had been taken by women

43
Q

What opposition was there to the Nazi party?

A

Some groups include the Edelweiss Pirates & swing groups, the White Rose group, the July bomb plot and the church

44
Q

Who were the Edelweiss Pirates?

A

Teens who listened to Jazz and fought the Hitler Youth, they opposed the Nazis as the Next Generation, had low numbers and limited numbers, easy to stop

45
Q

Who were the White Rose group?

A

University students Hans & Sophie Scholl printed 6 different leaflets opposing Nazi ideas, had a far reach, lots of people scared to read the pamphlets

46
Q

What was the July Bomb Plot?

A

An army group led by Von Stauffenberg who attempted to blow Hitler up, would have worked if someone hadn’t moved the bomb by accident, failed and all people involved were killed

History (1 decks)

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