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History GCSE Edexcel > Germany > Flashcards

Germany Flashcards

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1
Q

How many German troops killed in WW2

A

2 Million

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2
Q

When did kaiser wilhelm abdicate

A

9th nov 1918

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3
Q

Who became the first chancellor of the weimar republic and what party did he represent

A

Ebert, SDP (social democratic party)

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4
Q

What did Ebert do as he gained power

A

Suspended the Reichstag and formed a council of peoples representatives

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5
Q

When was the Armistice signed

A

11th November 1918

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6
Q

What was the ‘stab in the back’ theory

A

The idea that the German government had betrayed its people by signing the treaty of versailles.

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7
Q

What did Ebert announce elections for after the end of ww2

A

The national assembly

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8
Q

All men and women could vote over the age of…

A

20

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9
Q

Was the national assembly vote a success? If so, why?

A

Yes. 83% of eligible candidates voted
SDP one majority vote

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10
Q

When was the Weimar constitution written

A

July 1919

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11
Q

What did the Weimar constitution say?

A

There would be a president, chancellor, parliament and ellectorate

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12
Q

Strengths of the weimar constitution

A

Democratic
Proportional representation
Provided balance
Army controlled by president so minor parties could not start wars

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13
Q

Weaknesses of the weimar constitution

A

Proportional representation caused parties to argue and not make decisions
Caused bigger parties to form coalitions
Article 48 was abused due to decisions not being reached

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14
Q

Who were the november criminals and why were they given this name?

A

The government officials who signed the treaty of versailles. They were seen to have betrayed (stabbed in the back) the people.

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15
Q

When was the treaty of versailles signed?

A

June 1919

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16
Q

Land policies in the treaty of versailles:

A

East Prussia given to poland
Alsace-Lorraine given to France
Poland and Czech must be given independence

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17
Q

Army policies in the Treaty of Versailles:

A

100k men
6 battleships
No airforce
No tanks
Demilitarise the Rhineland

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18
Q

Economic terms of the Treaty of Versailles

A

£6.6 billion in reparations

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19
Q

Blame in the Treaty of Versailles:

A

Article 231 states Germany accept responsibility for all loss and damage in the war

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20
Q

When was the Spartacist uprising?

A

January 1919

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21
Q

Who lead the Spartacist uprising?

A

Rosa Luxembourg

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22
Q

What buildings did Spartacists seize

A

Newspaper and communications buildings.

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23
Q

Who did Ebert turn to to stop the Spartacists?

A

The Freikorps.

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24
Q

How many communists were killed during the Spartacists uprising?

A

100

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25
Q

Who lead the Kapp Putsch?

A

Wolfgang Kapp

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26
Q

When was the Kapp Putsch?

A

March 1920

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27
Q

Why did the Kapp Putsch fail?

A

Ebert convinced workers to strike which meant that the Putsch could not continue.

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28
Q

When was the invasion of the Ruhr?

A

January 1923

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29
Q

Why did Hyperinflation happen?

A

The government were printing too much money.

30
Q

How much did a loaf of bread cost during hyperinflation?

A

200 thousand billion marks

31
Q

Who benefitted from hyperinflation?

A

Farmers
People with debt
Businesses with fixed rent

32
Q

Who lost from hyperinflation?

A

Fixed income workers
People with pensions
People with savings

33
Q

When was Stressemann appointed as chancellor?

A

August 1923

34
Q

Name of the currency Stresseman implemented?

A

Rentenmark

35
Q

What was the name of the bank that Stressemann founded?

A

The Reichbank

36
Q

When was the Dawes plan

A

1924

37
Q

What were the terms of the Dawes plan?

A

Reparations were reduced to 1 billion for the first year and 2.5 after 5 years.

38
Q

When was the Young plan?

A

1929

39
Q

What were the terms of the Young plan?

A

Total cost of reparations from £6.6 billion -> £2 billion, and the period to pay was elongated until 1988

40
Q

When was the Locarno pact?

A

1925

41
Q

What was the Locarno Pact?

A

Solidified treaty of Versailles terms and allowed Germany to apply to join League of Nations

42
Q

What was promised in the Locarno pact by Germany?

A

They would not invade France

43
Q

What award was Stressemann given for his efforts to restore Germany?

A

The nobel Peace prize.

44
Q

When was the Kellog-Briand pact?

A

1928

45
Q

What was agreed in the Kellog-Briand pact?

A

No countries would use war to achieve their aims.

46
Q

How much did extremist party support reduce by from 1924-28

A

From 40%-28%

47
Q

When did Ebert die?

A

1925

48
Q

Who was Ebert replaced by?

A

Von Hindenburg; moderate and former field marshal

49
Q

How many houses were built by the weimar republic to help fix the economy?

A

100k

50
Q

Why were workers charged 3% of their wage?

A

As insurance for unemployment

51
Q

How much did education improve during the Weimar republic?

A

60% more students in higher education.

52
Q

Changed for women in the Weimar Republic:

A

Could vote
Could stand for election
10% of the Reichstag were women
Women could enter all professions

53
Q

When was the Munich Putsch?

A

November 1923

54
Q

How many SA members were killed in the Munich Putsch?

A

14

55
Q

How long was Hitler sentenced to prison for, and how long did he actually go for?

A

5 year sentence; served 9 months

56
Q

What did Hitler do in Prison?

A

Wrote Mein Kampf.

57
Q

What did Mein Kampf talk about?

A

Antisemitism, perfect German family, supremacy of the Aryan race, ignore the Treaty of Versailles, Getrid of democracy

58
Q

Who was in control of the SS?

A

Himmler

59
Q

When was the Bamburg conference?

A

1926

60
Q

What happened during the Bamburg conference?

A

The Nazis reorganised after Hitler was back. Removed all socialism from the party.

61
Q

When was the Wall Street crash?

A

october 1929

62
Q

How many were unemployed during the great depression?

A

6 million by 1932

63
Q

Who was The hunger Chancellor and why did he get this name!

A

Burning. Cut unemployment benefits and raised taxes.

64
Q

What article was used for emergency power to the chancellor?

A

Article 48.

65
Q

When was Hitler made chancellor?

A

January 1933

66
Q

When was the Reichstag fire?

A

February 1933

67
Q

Who set the Reichstag on fire and what was he?

A

Van-der-Lubbe, communist

68
Q

Why was the Reichstag fire an opportunity for Hitler?

A

He could use it as propaganda against communists and use article 48 to gain emergency power.

69
Q

The enabling act:

A

All laws could be made by Hitler
Removed power of the Reichstag
Banned all other political parties

70
Q

When was the night of the long knives?

A

1934

71
Q

What did Hitler do on the night of the long knives?

A

Met with Rohm and 100 SA soldiers in a hotel, killed them all.

72
Q

Why was Hindenburg’s death important?

A

Because he hated Hitler, and now Hitler could declare himself Fuhrer

History GCSE Edexcel (3 decks)

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