German Revolution and the Creation Of The Weimar Republic, 1918-19 Flashcards
When was the German Reich (Weimar Republic) first declared?
9th of November 1918
Who is credited as first announcing Germany as a Republic?
Philipp Scheidemann
What were the October Reforms?
On September 17th 1918 Hindenburg and Ludendorff inform the Kaiser that the war has been lost and manage to convince him to reform the structure of the country in order to make the allies more willing to negotiate, prevent social revolt that was looming, and to also deflect blame from the military to the civilian government. As part of this the Kaisers powers were restricted. He lost control of the military, became answerable to the Reichstag (which got increased powers), and lost the ability to appoint ministers.
What were the initial reactions to the loss of the war?
There was severe shock across the country as the news was leaked about surrender. There was widespread dissatisfaction with the Kaiserreich as they believed that they suffered for no reason. The Kaisers attempts at reform were not accepted.
What was the mutiny at Keil?
On the 3rd of November sailors at Keil Naval base were ordered on a suicide mission that would be Germany’s last ‘hurrah’
