Germ Cell Derivatives Flashcards
Surface Ectoderm
Epidermis, Hair, Nails, Inner ear, external ear, Enamel of teeth, Lens of eye, Anterior Pituitary (Rathke’s Pouch), Parotid gland, anal epithelium to dentate line
Neuroectoderm- Neural Tube
CNS, Retina and optic nerve, Pineal gland, Neurohypophysis, Astrocytes, Oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, choroid plexus, Pre-ganglionic autonomic fibers
Neuroectoderm- Neural Crest
Adrenal Medulla, Ganglia- Sensory (Unipolar) and Autonomic (Post-ganglionic), Melanocytes, Schwann cells, Pia and Arachnoid mater, Pharyngeal arch cartilage, Odontoblasts, Parafollicular (C) cells, Aorticopulmonary septum, Endocardial cushions.
Sonic hedgehog
Anterior- posterior axis
Wnt-7
Dorsal-ventral axis
FGF gene
Lengthening of limbs by stimulating mitosis of underlying mesoderm
Homeobox (Hox) gene
Cranio-caudal direction : mutations cause appendages in wrong location.
Mesoderm
Muscle, bone, blood, genital tissues, dermis, most organ systems, serous lining of body cavities, spleen, kidney, adrenal cortex, testes, ovaries, lymphatics, upper 1/3 of vagina
Endoderm
Thyroid tissue, epithelial lining of GIT, lung, bladder, urethra, outer and middle ear, bulk of liver, pancreas and lungs, eustachian tube, lower 2/3 of vagina
Monozygotic twins: 0-4 days
Dichorionic diamniotic
Monozygotic twins: 4-8 days
Monochorionic diamniotic
Monozygotic twins: 8-12 days
Monochorionic monoamniotic
Monozygotic twins: >13 days
Monochorionic monoamniotic conjoined twins
Umbilical arteries and vein derived from–
Allantois
Truncus arteriosus
Ascending aorta and Pulmonary trunk
Bulbous cordis
Right ventricle and smooth parts (outflow tracts) of left and right ventricle
Left horn of Sinus Venosus
Coronary sinus
Right horn of Sinus Venosus
Smooth part of Right atrium
Right Common Cardinal Vein and Right Anterior Cardinal vein
Superior Vena Cava
