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GeriatricsBrainscape Flashcards

1
Q

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

A

respiratory insufficiency marked by progressive hypoxemia due to severe inflammatory damage

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2
Q

Advance Directive

A

Legal document prepared when a person is alive, competent, and able to make informed decisions about health care. The document provides guidelines on treatment if the person is no longer capable of making decisions.

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3
Q

Ageism

A

Discrimination against aged or elderly people

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4
Q

Alzheimer’s Disease

A

a progressive, degenerative disease that attacks the brain and results in impaired memory, thinking and behavior. It affects 4 million americans

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5
Q

Aneurysm

A

Abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, usually an artery, due to congenital defect or a weakness in the wall of the vessel

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6
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

A form of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine

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7
Q

Anorexia nervosa

A

Eating disorder marked by excessive fasting

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8
Q

Anoxic hypozemia

A

an oxygen deficiency due to disordered pulmonary mechanisms of oxygenation

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9
Q

Aortic Dissection

A

A denegration of the wall of the aorta

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10
Q

Aphasia

A

absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through speaking, writing, or signing as a result of brain dysfunction; occurs when the individual suffers a brain injury due to stroke or head injury and no longer has the ability to speak or read. In sensory aphasia, the patient cannot understand the spoken word. In motor aphasia the patient can understand what is said but cannot speak. A patient with global aphasia has both sensory and motor aphasia.

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11
Q

Assisted living

A

Housing for the elderly or disabled that provides nursing care, housekeeping, and prepared meals as needed.

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12
Q

Autonomic dysfunction

A

An abnormality of the involuntary aspect of the nervous system

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13
Q

Brain Ischemia

A

injury to the brain tissues caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen and nutrients

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14
Q

Cataracts

A

Medical condition in which the lens of the eye loses its clearness.

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15
Q

Comorbidity

A

Having more than one disease at a time.

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16
Q

Congregate Care

A

Living arrangement in which the elderly live in, but do not own, individual apartments or rooms and receive select services.

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17
Q

Delirium

A

An acute alteration in mental functioning that is often reversible

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18
Q

Dysphagia

A

inability to swallow or difficulty swallowing

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19
Q

Dysphoria

A

An exaggerated feeling of depression or unrest, characterized by a mood of general dissatisfaction, restlessness, discomfort, and unhappiness.

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20
Q

Elderly

A

A person over the age of 65

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21
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nose bleed

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22
Q

Fibrosis

A

the formation of fiber like connective tissue also called scare tissue, in an organ

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23
Q

Functional Impairment

A

Decreased ability to meet daily needs on an independent basis

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24
Q

Geriatric Abuse

A

A syndrome in which an elderly person is physically or psychologically injured by another person

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25
Q

Geriatrics

A

the study and treatment of diseases of the aged

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26
Q

Gerontology

A

scientific study of the effects of aging and of age-related diseases on humans

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27
Q

Glaucoma

A

group of eye diseases that results in increased intraocular pressure on the optic nerve; if left untreated it can lead to blindness.

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28
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

a form of nephritis or inflammation of the kidneys; primarily involves the glomeruli, one of the capillary networks that are part of the renal corpuscles in the nephrons.

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29
Q

Heat Stroke

A

Life-threatening condition caused by a disturbance in temperature regulation; in the elderly, characterized by extreme fever and, in extreme cases, delirium or coma.

30
Q

hepatomegaly

A

enlarged liver

31
Q

herpes zoster

A

an acute eruption caused by reactivation of latent varicella virus (chicken pox) in the dorsal root ganglia; also known as shingles

32
Q

hiatal hernia

A

protrusion of the stomach upward into the medialstinal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

33
Q

hypertorphy

A

an increase in the size or bulk of an organ or structure; caused by goeth rather than by a tumor.

34
Q

Hypochondriasis

A

an abnormal concern with one’s health, with the false belief of suffering from some disease, despite medical assurances to the contrary; commonly known as hypochondria.

35
Q

Immune Senescence

A

Diminished vigor of the immune response to the challenge and rechallenge by pathogens

36
Q

Incontinince

A

inability to retain urine or feces because of loss of sphincter control or cerebral or spinal lesions.

37
Q

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

A

Bleeding directly into the brain.

38
Q

Life-Care Community

A

Communities that provide apartments/homes for independent living and a range of services, including nursing care. Usually the elderly own their own homes.

39
Q

Maceration

A

process of softening a solid by soaking it in a liquid

40
Q

Marfan Syndrome

A

hereditary condition of connective tissue, bone, muscles, ligaments, and skeletal structures characterized by irregular and unsteady gait, tall lean body types with long extremities, flat feet and stooped shoudlers. the aorta is usually dilated and may become weakened enough to allow an aneurysm to develop.

41
Q

Melena

A

a dark, tarry stool caused by the presence of digested free blood

42
Q

Ménière’s Disease

A

a disease of the inner ear characterized by vertigo, nerve deafness, and a roar or buzzing in the ear.

43
Q

Mesenteric Ischemia or infarct

A

Death of tissue in the peritoneal fold (Mesentery) that encircles the small intestines; a life threatening condition

44
Q

Nephrons

A

the functional units of the kidneys

45
Q

Nocturia

A

excessive urination during the night

46
Q

Old-old

A

an elderly person age 80 or older

47
Q

osteoarthritis

A

A degenerative joint disease, characterized by a loss of articular cartilage and hypertrophy of bone

48
Q

Osteoperosis

A

softening of bone tissue due to the loss of essential minerals principally calcium

49
Q

Parkinson’s Disease

A

Chronic, degenerative nervous disease characterized by tremors, muscular weakness and rigidity, and a loss of postural reflexes

50
Q

Personal-care home

A

living arrangement that includes room, board, and some supervision

51
Q

Pill-rolling motion

A

an involuntary tremor, usually in one hander sometimes in both, in which fingers move as if they were rolling a pill back and forth

52
Q

polycythemia

A

an excess of red blood cells. IN a newborn, the condition may reflect hypovolemia or prolonged intrauterine hypoxia

53
Q

polypharmacy

A

multiple drug therapy in which there is a concurrent use of a number of drugs

54
Q

pressure ulcer

A

ischemic damage and subsequent necrosis affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and often the muscle result of intense pressure over a short time or low pressure over a long time; also known as a pressure sore or bedsore.

55
Q

pruritis

A

itching; often occurs as a symptom of some systemic change or illness.

56
Q

retinopathy

A

any disorder of the retina

57
Q

senile dementia

A

general term used to describe an abnormal decline in mental functioning seen in the elderly; also called organic brain syndrome or multi-infarct dementia

58
Q

Shy-Drager Syndrome

A

chronic orthostatic hypotension caused by a primary autonomic nervous system deficiency

59
Q

Sick sinus syndrome

A

a group of disorders characterized by dysfunction of the sinoatrial node in the heart

60
Q

silent myocardial infarction

A

a myocardial infarction that occurs without exhibiting obvious signs and symptoms

61
Q

Spondylosis

A

a degeneration of the vertebral body

62
Q

Stoke-Adams Syndrome

A

A series of symptoms resulting from heart block, most commonly syncope. The symptoms result from decreased blood flow to the brain caused by the sudden decrease in cardiac output

63
Q

Stroke

A

Injury to or death of brain tissue resulting from interruption of cerebral blood flow and oxygenation.

64
Q

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

A

Bleeding that occurs between the arachnoid and dura mater of the brain

65
Q

Substance Abuse

A

Misuse of chemically active agents such as alcohol, psychoactive chemicals, and therapeutic agents, typically results in clinically significant impairment or distress.

66
Q

Tinnitus

A

ringing or tingling sound in the ear

67
Q

Transient Ischemic Attack

A

reversible interruption of blood flow to the brain; often seen as a precursor to a stroke

68
Q

Two-pillow orthopnea

A

the number of pillows—in this case, two—needed to ease the difficulty of breathing while lying down; a significant factor in assessing the level of respiratory distress.

69
Q

Urosepsis

A

Septicemia originating from the urinary tract

70
Q

Valsalva Maneuver

A

Forced exhalation against a closed glottis, such as with coughing. This maneuver stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system via the vagus nerve, which in turn slows the heart rate.

71
Q

Varicosities

A

An abnormal dilation of a vein or group of veins

72
Q

Vertigo

A

the sensation of faintness or dizziness, may cause a loss of balance.

Geriatrics (1 decks)

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