geriatrics

Question 1

cardio vascular changes

Answer 1

cardiac outputs declines
arteriosclerosis
decrease efficiency
valve degeneration

Question 2

kidneys changes

Answer 2

blood flow reduce by 50%
imbalance of electrolytes
decreased thirst

Question 3

renal changes

Answer 3

bowel and bladder incontinence.

Question 4

digestive changes

Answer 4

decrease of taste buds
reduction of saliva
slower gastric motility
detoxification of drugs declines

Question 5

bones changes

Answer 5

decrease in bone mass
brittle and break more easily
arthritis

Question 6

nervous system

Answer 6

slow responses
changes in thinking speed, memory
brain decreases in weight
sense of body position
hearing loss
proprioception— increased tendency to fall

Question 7

DELIRIUMS mnemonic

Answer 7

Drugs
Emotional
Low PaO2
Infection
Retention of stool or urine
Ictal
Undernutrition or Underhydration
Metabolism
Subdural Hematoma

Question 8

immunological

Answer 8

more prone to infections
30% of elder may have a serious infections without a fever
Pneumonia leading cause

Question 9

integumentary

Answer 9

wrinkling and loss pf resiliency
thinner skin
bruising more common
dryer skin
cellulitis

Question 10

Cellulitis

Answer 10

acute inflammation in the skin
bacterial infection
lower extremities
fever, chills and general malaise

Question 11

Osteoporosis

Answer 11

decrease in bone mass, reduced in bone strength greater susceptibility to fracture

Question 12

Osteoarthritis

Answer 12

progressive disease of the joints
destroys cartilage

Question 13

Trauma

Answer 13

one of the leading causes
slower reflections
visual and hearing deficits
equilibrium disorders
FALLS

Question 14

toxicology

Answer 14

medications
changes in drug metabolism
diminished renal function
changes in body composition

Question 15

GEMS

Answer 15

G— geriatric patient
E– environmental assessment
M—medical assessment
S– social assessment

Question 16

oncology

Answer 16

branch of medicine that deals with cancer diagnosis,treatment

Question 17

terminal illness

Answer 17

Disease that will result in the death of a patient

Question 18

consent

Answer 18

granting permission to treat. can be expressed implied or involuntary

Question 19

advanced directive

Answer 19

a set of written instructions that specifies what actions should be taken for a persons health if they become incapacitated

Question 20

power of attorney

Answer 20

a written authorization that empowers an individual to represent or act on another’s behalf in private, business or other affairs

Question 21

goals of care

Answer 21

a medical order used to describe and communicate the general aim or focus of care including locations of care

Question 22

valid DNR

Answer 22

written by hand,computer generated or medical form signed by patient physician and dated