GERD Flashcards
heart burn, acid taste, belching
GERD
pathophysiologies of GERD (4)
transient relaxation of LES
acid hypersecretion in stomach
decreased gastric emptying
hiatal hernia
atypical symptoms of GERD (5)
chest pain hoarseness dental enamel decay asthma/cough dyspepsia
GERD complications (3)
dysphagia
odynophagia
hematemesis
tx for unexplained angina or asthma?
PPI
when to perform GERD diagnostic?
what is the preferred GERD diagnostic?
uncertain diagnosis, atypical/complicated symptoms, refractory, before surgery
endoscopy
what can be seen with a barium swallow? what can’t?
yes: hiatal hernia, strictures
no: esophagitis, Barrett’s epithelium
what is the best study to confirm GERD?
ambulatory pH monitoring
what diagnostic study assesses LES pressure and peristalsis?
esophageal manometry
lifestyle tx for GERD (4)
elevate head of bed
no food 3h before bed
smoking cessation
decrease fat and vol. of diet
H2 receptor anatagonists (4)
Cimetidine
Ranitidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
PPIs (suffix)
-prazoles
what is Barrett’s esophagus?
a specialized type of intestinal metaplasia- replacement of squamous epithelium with columnar epithelium due to recurrent acid injury
what is a result of Barrett’s esophagus?
esophageal adenocarcinoma
progressive dysplasia while eating solid foods can indicate?
esophageal carcinoma
etiology of esophageal adenocarcinoma
Barrett’s esophagus
odynophagia, constant chest/back pain, regurgitation, anorexia, wt. loss, malnutrition
esophageal carcinoma
most common type of esophageal cancer?
squamous cell carcinoma
risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (4)
hx tobacco/EtOH use
ingestion of caustic substances
chronic esophagitis
nutritional deficiencies
diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma? (2)
endoscopy
stage w/ CT
