Geopolítica Flashcards
What invites a review of geopolitical literature?
Permite comprender los desafíos contemporáneos
This reflects the need to understand contemporary challenges.
How many scientific titles in English have been published on geopolitical issues in the last 5 years?
Aproximadamente 200 títulos
This number is double that of previous years.
What are the two main topics selected for analysis in the context of international relations?
- Economic geopolitics
- Energy geopolitics
What historical event contributed to the renewed relevance of geopolitical studies?
La crisis económica de 2008
Other factors include the trade dispute between the USA and China, and the war between Russia and Ukraine.
What key elements are associated with the understanding of state phenomena in contemporary geopolitics?
New theoretical-analytical elements
These elements diverge from the universal notion of State and peace post-World War II.
Who is considered the father of political geography?
Fridrich Ratzel
He is a key figure in the German school of geopolitical thought.
Who popularized the term ‘geopolitics’?
Rudolf Kjellen
He was a Swedish geographer and politician.
What components did Kjellen associate with geopolitics?
- Geopolítica
- Economía política
- Demografía
- Política social
- Política del Estado
¿Cuáles son las tres formas de fortalecimiento y ampliación del Estado que construyen a la geopolítica clásica?
- Guerra
- Comercio
- Fronteras
What shift occurred in geopolitical studies starting in the 1970s?
A critical geopolitics emerged
This was associated with progressive or leftist political positions.
¿Cuáles son las 3 formas que buscan explicar las escuelas de geopolítica clásica para entender la proyección estatal y su seguridad?
*Expansión territorial
*Garantía del comercio y proyección de su poder
*Resignificación nacional
What publication is associated with the critical reappropriation of geography in geopolitical studies?
Heródoto
It has been directed by Yves Lacoste and continues to publish.
What does the critical geopolitics of the 1970s emphasize?
The relationship between geography and political transformations
It critiques the previous understandings of geopolitical knowledge.
¿Qué influyó a la escuela alemana?
Organicismo decimonónico
It sought to establish a method for national development.
What was the primary focus of Alfred Mahan’s geopolitical thought?
The importance of maritime control
He emphasized its role in securing military supremacy.
What did Halford Mackinder argue in 1904 regarding land and maritime control?
Land control became more important than maritime control
This was articulated in his work ‘The Geographical Pivot of History’.
What was the outcome of the geopolitical studies in Russia during the 19th century?
Development of Euroasian and civilizational studies
This addressed the security and territorial issues of the Russian Empire.
What are the three pillars of classical geopolitical understanding?
- Importance of commerce and economy
- Control over means of commerce
- Cultural and civilizational phenomena
¿Cuáles son los tres elementos clave que los autores mencionan en relación a la geografía?
Memoria, territorio y posiciones
La geografía informa la acción de los Estados Mayores de las empresas, la dominación política, la guerra moderna y la contrarrevolución. ¿Verdadero o falso?
Verdadero
¿Qué función tiene la geografía según los autores en relación con el Estado y el País?
Mistifica al sobreestimar los datos naturales y oculta contradicciones políticas
¿Quién es Heródoto y qué papel juega en la geografía según el texto?
Geógrafo y agente de inteligencia del imperialismo ateniense
El concepto de ‘pensar el espacio para pensar el poder’ se refiere a estudiar qué aspectos?
Las redes de poder, flujos y puntos neurálgicos
¿Qué cambio se realizó en la revista de geografía en 1983?
Se convirtió en revista de Geografía y Geopolítica