Geophysics review Flashcards
4 subdisciplines of geophysics
global, exploration, geotechnical & environmental, forensic
subdiscipline focused on the structure of the earth
global geophysics
3 sub-subdisciplines under exploration geophysics
mining, petroleum, hydrocarbon, groundwater studies, geothermal energy exploration
subdiscipline focused on detection of ore bodies
mining geophysics
subdiscipline focused on structures that trap oil
petroleum geophysics
subdiscipline focused on the depth and configuration of an aquifer
groundwater studies
3 focuses of geotechnical and environmental geophysics
site investigations, contamination studies, archeological investigations
focus of geotechnical & environmental geophysics that involves mechanical properties and depth
site investigations
focus of geotechnical & environmental geophysics that involves detection and flow direction
contaminant studies
subdiscipline that involves locating or detecting the presence of subsurface structures or bodies and determine their depth, size, shape and physical properties
exploration geophysics
what is being explored for in exploration geophysics?
features of bodies related to mineral deposits, energy or groundwater resources
what are the 6 geophysical methods?
gravity, magnetics, seismic reflection, seismic refraction, electrical (georesistivity, induced polarization), ground penetrating radar
the 3 anomaly profiles for magnetic geophysical method
poles, mid-latitude, equator
geophysical method that makes use of lines of current flow throughout the earth
electrical resistivity method
5 main physical properties involved in geophysical surveys
density, magnetics susceptibility, elasticity, conductivity, relative dielectric permittivity
what property is measured an @ what units for magnetic geophysical method?
magnetic susceptibility (dimensionless); magnetic field strength (Gauss = 10^-4 T, Gamma = nT
what property is measured an @ what units for gravity geophysical method?
density (kg/m^3, g/m^3); gravitational field strength (mGal = 10^-3 cm/s^2)
what property is measured an @ what units for seismic geophysical method?
velocity (m/sec, km/sec, m/sec)
what property is measured an @ what units for electrical geophysical method?
resistivity: ohm-meters
conductivity: mho/m = Siemens/m (S/m)
a physical property contrast (vertical or lateral)
geophysical anomaly
geophysical method that studies changes in strength of geomagnetic field
magnetic