Geomorphology

Question 1

Alluvial soil-process of formation?
-agent?

Loess-pof?
- agent?

Moraine&till-pof?
-agent?

Colluvial fan/cone-pof?
(At the base of mountains due to gravity)
- agent?

Answer 1

Fluvial
River

Aeolian
Wind

Glacial
Glacier

Colluvial
Gravity

Question 2

Intrusive/plutonic rock?

Answer 2

Igneous rock

Granite,diorite,gabbro,periodite

(Feldspar highest to mafic highest
And periodite-ultramafic ie more si less mg&fe)

Periodite-olivine,pyroxene
(Pluto jaake(ya earth ke andar jaake)
Gray Color Ka deo Gabbar pairon pe lagata hai)

Question 3

Extrusive rocks?

Answer 3

Earth ke bAhar raiii de Andes bane jis se Ki salt nikala jata hai

Rhyolite,andesite,basalt

Question 4

Igneous rock on the basis of their composition?

Answer 4

Felsic(feldspar +Silica i.e. Quartz)

Mafic(magnesium +feldspar(Fe))

Question 5

Shadow zone?

Answer 5

Neither p-waves nor Q-waves
105° to 145° East and West

S waves reach up to 105° in the other hemisphere
The waves reach up to 145° in the other hemisphere on both sides

Question 6

s waves Get reflected from this boundary

P-waves get refracted away from normal?

Answer 6

When lower mantle ends
At 2900 km

This discontinuity exist just before the start of innermost layer of earth that is CORE

Question 7

Continental drift theory 2 findings?

Answer 7

Glaciation near Equator

Deposit of coal on sub polar region

On the basis of these findings He propounded that
Regular drifting off Continental landmass has taken place during different geological time scale

Question 8

3 general assumptions of Continental drift theory of WEGNER

Answer 8

1 during Carboniferous era all continents were united together in the form of a composite land mass called. PANGAEA
This United supercontinent was surrounded by water body called PANTHALASA
(Although present Continental forms were formed by PANGAEA
and all oceans and sees by PANTHALASA)

2 continent made of S I a L
Floating over ocean SIMA
The drifting off Continental was without any obstacle over the ocean

3 several shallow water bodies are present In the united landmass and the most prominent was one was TETHYS SEA

Question 9

Substantial evidences of Wagner

Answer 9

1 concept of jigsaw fit 2
2 similar composition of rock system at Easter and western margins of South America and Africa
And Appalachians of North America and Julie features of western Europe (UK Netherlands)
3 what about is like mediterranean Sea Black Sea Caspian Sea and supplying lakes of Rajasthan are the remains of TETHYS geosyncline sea
4 several marine origin and evidence is found in the ranges of Himalayas and Alps
5 remains of fossils of a reptile and a plant from every block of Gondwanaland

Question 10

Endogenic force

Answer 10

It is divided on the basis of intensity or magnitude

Diastrophic (slow), catastrophic (sudden

Question 11

Exogenetic forces

Answer 11

Process of land destruction that eliminates variation over the earth surface and
Creates some other relief features which differ entirely from the belief features of endogenic forces

Origin – takes place in atmosphere
Guided by force of gravity
Continuous struggle between land destructive force and endogenic force

Question 12

Exogenetic force mechanisms

Answer 12

1) WEATHERING
2) erosion

Weathering – in situ disintegration of rock
By differentiated temperature pressure and precipitation

(High in tropical humid climate)

Physically the process of weathering becomes active through –

1) frost action
2) thermal expansion and contraction
3) exfoliation