Geomophology Flashcards
What is a drainage basin?
An area that drain d by a central river and all of its tributaries
What is the catchment area of a river?
An area of which a river system obtains its water supply
What is the watershed?
This is a highflying area that separates two rivers
What is the source of a river?
This is where the river originates
What is the mouth of the river?
This is where the river enters the sea
This is where deltas are found
What is a river confluence?
This is where two rivers meet
What are tributaries?
This is when the smaller part joins a bigger stream
A segment flows into another
What is a Aquifer?
This is a rock that absorbs water
What is Aquiclude?
Prove the water for from passing
What is infiltration?
The process of which water enters the soil
What is the Base flow?
The water entering stream channels from ground water
What is a distributary?
A larger river that flows into an number of smaller ones
What is a Interruptive?
A minor watershed
What is th channel flow?
Water that flows in a river
What is the surface run-off
Water that flows above the ground
What is the water table?
The upper level of saturated zone/rock
What is Permeable rock?
This is soft rock that allows water to seep through
What is impermeable rock?
This is hard rock that doesn’t allow water to seep through
What are the factors infiltration?
Gradient Vegetation Rock type (permeable) Evaporation type Amount of rainfall The type of rainfall The soil moisture
Are are the different types of rivers?
NB- DIAGRAM Permanent (perennial rivers) -water all year -water table lies above the base flow -i.e. Vaal , tugela
Periodic
-water in a rain seasons
I.e. Most streams
Episodic
- never supplied with the ground water
- will flow after heavy downpour
- ie buffets river
Exotic rivers
- rise in high rainfall area but most courses are through arid areas
- orange / Nile
What is the different types of Drainage systems?
NB - Diagrams!!
Dendritic
Radical
Centripetal
Trellises
Rectangular
Deranged
Parallel
What are the different types of Drainage density?
Low
Medium
High
What is the formula for Density
D = L/A
Area = l x b
= xxx X 0.5
Length = xxxx. X 0.5
River discharge
What is Laminar flow?
Water that flows in sheets
No turbulence
Smooth
Across a gentle gradient
