geology Flashcards
how are igneous rocks formed
formed from lavas and deep magmas that were once molten, then cooled and crystallised
how are sedimentary rocks formed
formed from the compaction of sediments eroded and deposited by rivers, the sea or on the sea bed
how are metamorphic rocks formed
sedimentary rocks that have been heated and fompressed under extreme pressures and a
what are 3 human processes int he landscape
agriculture
forestry
settlement
how does agriculture affect the landscape
different landscapes are best for different types of farming
arable -> flat land with good soil for using for growing crops such as east england
dairy -> warm and wet areas are ideal where there are large grassy fields such as south west england
sheep -> takes place in harsher conditions in the uplands, which sheep are suited to - sheep have led to a lack of trees as the new ones are eaten or tramped before they have a chance to mature
how does forestry affect the landscape
forestry is the management of areas of woodland for timber, recreation or conservation
UK used to be covered in deciduous woodland but there is very little left
coniferous forest has been planted for timbers but looks unnatural due to being planted in straight lines
some deciduous forest is being replanted to return some areas to a more normal state
how does settlement affect the landscape
as settlements grew they changed the landscapes
rivers were diverted through underground channels
land was concreted affecting drainage patterns
river channels straightened or embankments built to prevent flooding
