geologic processes on earth Flashcards

1
Q

Occurs near or on the surface of the Earth.

A

Exogenous processes

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2
Q

Influenced or driven by gravity, water, wind, and organisms

A

Exogenous Processes

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3
Q

Destructive occurrences that leave significant changes on the landscape and even in the ecosystem of an area

A

Exogenous Processes

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4
Q

4 types of Exogenous Processes

A

Weathering, Erosion, Mass Wasting, Sedimentation

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5
Q

Disintegration of rocks, soil, and minerals together with other materials through Earth’s subsystems

A

Weathering

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6
Q

On the spot

A

In situ

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7
Q

Happens even without movement or transportation

A

Weathering

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8
Q

2 types of weathering

A

Physical Weathering, Chemical Weathering

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9
Q

Breakdown of rocks by mechanical forces concentrated along rock fractures. It is due to changes in temperature, pressure, etc.

A

Physical Weathering

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10
Q

Process by which rocks break down by chemical reactions. New or secondary minerals develop and sometimes replace the original properties of the minerals in the original rock or soil

A

Chemical Weathering

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11
Q

Processes that contribute to Chemical Weathering

A

Oxidation, Hydrolysis, Acid Rain

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12
Q

Reaction of a substance with oxygen. Example: Iron oxide

A

Oxidation

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13
Q

The chemical breakdown of a substance when combined with water

A

Hydrolysis

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14
Q

Cause metals or stones to corrode or deteriorate and change their properties

A

Acid Rain

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15
Q

The process by which Earth’s surface is worn away by wind, water, or ice. Moves rock debris or soil from one place to another

A

Erosion

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16
Q

Erosion takes place where there is…

A

Rainfall, Surface run off, flowing rivers, seawater intrusion, flooding, freezing and thawing, hurricane, wind, movement of land animals during migration or stampede, human activities: deforestation, overgrazing, mining

17
Q

Refers to the movement of large masses of materials (rock, debris, soil, mud) down a slope or a steep-sided hill or mountain due to the pull of gravity. Is very destructive in areas with increased water flow, steep slopes, scarce or no vegetation. or vibrating or moving ground

A

Mass Wasting

18
Q

Different forms of mass wasting

A

Debris flow, Mud flow, slump

19
Q

Happens when a large amount of sediments usually rocks of various sizes, falls down the slope. Unlike a landslide, this does not need water to flow down

A

Debris flow

20
Q

Happens when a combined soil and water flow down a slope. Usually happens near river or streams where soil or sand is always moist or has been soaked in water for a long time

21
Q

Indicates the severity of risk when it flows down community

A

Weight of mudflow

22
Q

slow movement of soil along a curved surface

23
Q

The accumulation of materials such as soil, rock fragments, and soil particles settling on the ground. Usually occurs in streams and sea erosion. With presence of minerals

A

Sedimentation

24
Q

Takes place within or in the interior of Earth

A

Endogenous Processes

25
The driving force is the thermal energy of the mantle
Endogenous Processes
26
Responsible for Earthquakes, volcanic activities, and other movement related to Earth's crust
Endogenous processes
27
Most of this energy originates from the decay and disintegration of radioactive elements in Earth's core
Thermal energy
28
Types of Endogenous Processes
Magmatism, Volcanism, Metamorphism
29
Happens when magma is generated and develops into igneous rocks. Process can take place either under the surface or on the surface of the Earth.
Magmatism
30
Is the original material that make up igneous rocks
Magma
31
Process that usually happens after magma is formed
Volcanism
32
Magma comes out with extreme heat and pressure and may cause destructive explosion
Volcanism
33
when magma reaches the surface of the Earth
Lava
34
Animals in a volcano undergo what?
Chemotropism
35
Volcanism is also known as what?
Plutonism
36
Process of changing the materials that make up a rock. Chemical components and geologic characteristics of the rock changed due to heat and pressure that are increasing or decreasing.
Metamorphism