Geologic Hotspot Flashcards
It is a location on the Earth’s surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time
geologic hot spot
is a volcanic region thought to
be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle
geologic hot spot
It’s position on the Earth’s surface is independent of tectonic plate boundaries
geologic hot spot
underlying mantle that is anomalously hot
mantle plume
arises in the mantle. it is a local warm magma that is directed upwards
mantle plume
The mantle plume or hot spot stays in place, while the __ __ moves.
oceanic plates
Magma underneath rises to the plates and form a volcano
first step
formation of hot spot
Volcanoes formed relocate due to plate movement
second step
formation of hot spot
Another magma rises and a new volcano takes place over the left plate
third step
formation of hot spot
As the cycle continues, it will form a volcanic chain – old
ones become inactive (seamount)
fourth step
formation of hot spot
These sea mounts will connect to each other, forming a little
island or an archipelago
fifth step
formation of hot spot
a mountain rising from the ocean floor
seamount
what are the seamount chains
- Emperor Seamount Chain
- Hawaiian Seamount Chain
- Louisville Seamount Chain
- Tuvalu Seamount Chain
Hotspots in African region
- Hoggar
- Tibesti
- Darfur
- Afar
Hotspots in European region
- Iceland
- Eifel
- Central Massif
Hostspots in Antarctic region
Bouvet (listed again in the Southern Atlantic near Antarctica
Hostspots in Indian Ocean Region
- RĂ©union
- Crozet
Hotspots in Atlantic Ocean region
- Bermuda
- Azores
- Great Meteor
- Cape Verde
- Fernando
- Trindade
- St. Helena
- Tristan da Cunha
- Bouvet
Hawaiian Islands
- Hawaii
- Kaho’olawe
- Maui
- Lana’i
- Molokai
- Oahu
- Kauai
- Ni’ihau
Volcanoes in Mainland Hawaii
- Mauna Kea
- Mauna Loa
- Kilauea
- Hualalai
- Kohala
what island will join the Mainland Hawaii in the future?
Loihi
Volcanoes in Iceland
- Askja Caldera
- Grimsvötn and Gjalp Volcano
- Laki Fissure Volcano
- Katla Volcano
- Surtsey Island 1963
- Vestmannaeyjar Islands 1973
- Eyjafjallajökull Volcano
- Hekla Volcano
is visible above sea level of Iceland
Mid-Atlanic Ridge
Plates that are separated by Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Eurasian and North American tectonic plates
a massive mountain range that runs through the middle of Atlantic Ocean
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
a divergent plate boundary where the Eurasian and North American plates move apart from each other, creating new oceanic crust
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
iceland is situated directly above
the ridge’s westernmost section
creation of new oceanic crust causes
volcanic and seismic activity
iceland is a land of
- active volcanoes
- hot springs
- rugged terrain
Iceland become a _ due to its postion on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
leader in the use of geothermal energy for electricity production and heating
Capital of Iceland
Reykjavik
30% of Reykjavik electricity is from
geothermal sources
reykjavik is entirely heated by
geothermal energy
yellowstone was established as world’s first national park because of its
- extraordinary geysers,
- hot springs,
- mudpots and steam vents
How does seamount relate to each other
they connect, forming a little island or an achipelago
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge can be visited at
Thingvellir National Park or Reykjanes peninsula
height of Mauna Kea below sea level is taller than
Mt. Everest
Mauna Kea - 10,203 m
Mt. Everest - 8,850 m
