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Q1 SCI 10 > Geologic Hotspot > Flashcards

Geologic Hotspot Flashcards

1
Q

It is a location on the Earth’s surface that has experienced active volcanism for a long period of time

A

geologic hot spot

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2
Q

is a volcanic region thought to
be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared with the surrounding mantle

A

geologic hot spot

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3
Q

It’s position on the Earth’s surface is independent of tectonic plate boundaries

A

geologic hot spot

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4
Q

underlying mantle that is anomalously hot

A

mantle plume

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5
Q

arises in the mantle. it is a local warm magma that is directed upwards

A

mantle plume

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6
Q

The mantle plume or hot spot stays in place, while the __ __ moves.

A

oceanic plates

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7
Q

Magma underneath rises to the plates and form a volcano

A

first step

formation of hot spot

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8
Q

Volcanoes formed relocate due to plate movement

A

second step

formation of hot spot

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9
Q

Another magma rises and a new volcano takes place over the left plate

A

third step

formation of hot spot

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10
Q

As the cycle continues, it will form a volcanic chain – old
ones become inactive (seamount)

A

fourth step

formation of hot spot

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11
Q

These sea mounts will connect to each other, forming a little
island or an archipelago

A

fifth step

formation of hot spot

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12
Q

a mountain rising from the ocean floor

A

seamount

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13
Q

what are the seamount chains

A
  • Emperor Seamount Chain
  • Hawaiian Seamount Chain
  • Louisville Seamount Chain
  • Tuvalu Seamount Chain
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14
Q

Hotspots in African region

A
  • Hoggar
  • Tibesti
  • Darfur
  • Afar
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15
Q

Hotspots in European region

A
  • Iceland
  • Eifel
  • Central Massif
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16
Q

Hostspots in Antarctic region

A

Bouvet (listed again in the Southern Atlantic near Antarctica

17
Q

Hostspots in Indian Ocean Region

A
  • RĂ©union
  • Crozet
18
Q

Hotspots in Atlantic Ocean region

A
  • Bermuda
  • Azores
  • Great Meteor
  • Cape Verde
  • Fernando
  • Trindade
  • St. Helena
  • Tristan da Cunha
  • Bouvet
19
Q

Hawaiian Islands

A
  • Hawaii
  • Kaho’olawe
  • Maui
  • Lana’i
  • Molokai
  • Oahu
  • Kauai
  • Ni’ihau
20
Q

Volcanoes in Mainland Hawaii

A
  • Mauna Kea
  • Mauna Loa
  • Kilauea
  • Hualalai
  • Kohala
21
Q

what island will join the Mainland Hawaii in the future?

A

Loihi

22
Q

Volcanoes in Iceland

A
  • Askja Caldera
  • Grimsvötn and Gjalp Volcano
  • Laki Fissure Volcano
  • Katla Volcano
  • Surtsey Island 1963
  • Vestmannaeyjar Islands 1973
  • Eyjafjallajökull Volcano
  • Hekla Volcano
23
Q

is visible above sea level of Iceland

A

Mid-Atlanic Ridge

24
Q

Plates that are separated by Mid-Atlantic Ridge

A

Eurasian and North American tectonic plates

25
Q

a massive mountain range that runs through the middle of Atlantic Ocean

A

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

26
Q

a divergent plate boundary where the Eurasian and North American plates move apart from each other, creating new oceanic crust

A

Mid-Atlantic Ridge

27
Q

iceland is situated directly above

A

the ridge’s westernmost section

28
Q

creation of new oceanic crust causes

A

volcanic and seismic activity

29
Q

iceland is a land of

A
  • active volcanoes
  • hot springs
  • rugged terrain
30
Q

Iceland become a _ due to its postion on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

A

leader in the use of geothermal energy for electricity production and heating

31
Q

Capital of Iceland

A

Reykjavik

32
Q

30% of Reykjavik electricity is from

A

geothermal sources

33
Q

reykjavik is entirely heated by

A

geothermal energy

34
Q

yellowstone was established as world’s first national park because of its

A
  • extraordinary geysers,
  • hot springs,
  • mudpots and steam vents
35
Q

How does seamount relate to each other

A

they connect, forming a little island or an achipelago

36
Q

The Mid-Atlantic Ridge can be visited at

A

Thingvellir National Park or Reykjanes peninsula

37
Q

height of Mauna Kea below sea level is taller than

A

Mt. Everest

Mauna Kea - 10,203 m
Mt. Everest - 8,850 m

Q1 SCI 10 (3 decks)

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