Geologic Column Flashcards
What is the order of the Geologic Column? (oldest to most recent)
Hadean
Archean
Proterozoic
Phanerozoic
What are the three eons in Phanerozoic?
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
What layer are the visible fossils in?
Phanerozoic
What years are the Hadean Eon?
4.6 - 4.0 billion years
Where were the carbon signatures of life found in the Hadean Eon?
at 4.4 billion years
When was the late heavy bombardment? (Hadean)
at 4.1-3.8 billion years
What years is the Archean Eon?
4.0 - 2.5 billion years
What are some characteristics of the Archean Eon?
- Banded ion formation
- Virtually no O2 in the atmosphere
- Volcanism
- Strong radioactivity
- Hot, solid crust
- Terrestrial microbial mats @ 3.2 billion years
- Wide diversity, oxygenic photosynthesis @ 3.46 billion years
- Stromatolities, Microbes @ 3.7 - 3.5 billions
What years were the Proterozoic eon?
2.5 - 0.541 billion
What are Characteristics of the the Proterozoic Eon?
- Banded Iron formations
- Atmosphere Oxygenates
What are some things found in the Proterozoic Eon?
- Ediacaran fauna
- Tracks
- Burrows @ 2.1 billion years
- Eukaryotic microbes @ 1.7 billon yrs
- Red algae @ 1.6 ba
- Multicellular green algae
What are the periods in the Paleozoic era?
- Cambrian
- Ordovician
- Silurian
- Devonian
- Carboniferous
- Permian
What are some species examples in the Cambrian period?
- Trilobite
- Marella
- Anomalocaris
What are some examples of species from the Silurian period?
- Corals
- Mollusks
- Crinoids
- Brachiopods
- Fish
- Nautiloids
What are some examples of species from the Devonian period?
Tiktaalik roseae
- has jaws like a fish
- lobed fins for crawling
- scales and ribs
Similar is the Indonesian coelacanth
Latimeria manadoensis
What are some examples of species from the Carboniferous period?
- Swampy forests
- Ferns
- Moss
- Insects
- Amphibians
- Reptiles
What are some examples of species from the Permian period?
- Permian Therapsids
What periods are in the mezezoic era?
- triassic
- Jurassic
- Cretaceaos
What time frame was mesozoic from?
251 - 65 million years
Examples of mesozoic fossils
- Reptiles
- Conifers
- a few birds
- mammals
- flowering plants
- dinosaurs
When was the earliest grass and pollinating insect fossil found?
100 million years
Cretatious layer
What years are the Cenozoic era?
66 - 2.6
What are the three periods in the Cenozoic era?
- Paleogene
- Neogene
- quarternary
What period had the earliest evidence of human ancestors?
Neocene
What epoch is the ice age and what year?
Pleistocene @ 2.6 million years
What Epoch is historical time?
Holocene
What are some examples of Cenozoic fossils?
- ## primate groups
