Geography Year 9

Question 1

Emerging country

Answer 1

is one with high-to- medium human development and recent economic growth.

Question 2

Development

Answer 2

A process of change that affects people’s lives. It may involve an improvement in the quality of life as perceived by the people undergoing change.

Question 3

GDP (per capita)

Answer 3

The sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes not included in the valuation of output, divided by mid-year population.

Question 4

GDP PPP

Answer 4

The gross domestic product converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity rates.

Question 5

Human Development Index

Answer 5

is a summary composite measure of a country’s average achievements in three basic aspects of human development: health, knowledge and standard of living.

Question 6

Poverty Rate

Answer 6

The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year’s worth of necessities for the average adult.

Question 7

Literacy Rate

Answer 7

The proportion of the adult population aged 15 years and over which is literate, expressed as a percentage of the corresponding population, total or for a given sex, in a given country, territory, or geographic area, at a specific point in time, usually mid-year.

Question 8

Corruption Perception Index

Answer 8

is an index which ranks countries “by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion surveys.

Question 9

Birth Rate

Answer 9

The ratio between the number of live-born births in the year and the average total population of that year.

Question 10

Death Rate

Answer 10

the ratio of deaths to the population of a particular area or during a particular period of time, usually calculated as the number of deaths per one thousand people per year.

Question 11

Dependency Ratio

Answer 11

The dependency ratio is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labor force and those typically in the labor force. It is used to measure the pressure on the productive population.

Question 12

Fertility rate

Answer 12

The total fertility rate in a specific year is defined as the total number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end of her child-bearing years and give birth to children in alignment with the prevailing age-specific fertility rates.

Question 13

Infant Mortality rate

Answer 13

The infant mortality rate is the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births. In addition to giving us key information about maternal and infant health, the infant mortality rate is an important marker of the overall health of a society.

Question 14

Life Expectancy

Answer 14

the average period that a person may expect to live.

Question 15

Maternal Mortality rate

Answer 15

The maternal mortality ratio is a key performance indicator for efforts to improve the health and safety of mothers before, during, and after childbirth per country worldwide.

Question 16

High Income Counties

Answer 16

A group of wealthy countries mostly in the northern hemisphere e.g. North America and Europe.

Question 17

Low Income Countries

Answer 17

A second group of much poorer countries mostly in the Southern Hemisphere e.g. South America and Africa.

Question 18

Middle Income Countries

Answer 18

Countries such as Brazil and Chile that has large reserves of raw materials (e.g. iron) which encouraged investment and growth in the 1980s.

Question 19

Newly Industrializing Countries

Answer 19

Their growth was often due to relocation of manufacturing overseas. Economics doubled in size between 1988 and 1996

Question 20

Top Down Development

Answer 20

Schemes that are funded by large companies or decisions that are made by the national government.
Local people often don’t get involved in the process.

Question 21

Bottom-up Development

Answer 21

Where local people are involved and educated in order to make their everyday lives better. They are fully involved in the decisions made about the types of aid they receive.