Geography - Unit 1 Flashcards
Which of the following would be an example of human geography?
a. switzerland is famous for the Swiss Alps
b. the population of Switzerland is 8.78 million
c. Switzerland is a landlocked country
d. Switzerland covers 15,994 square miles
b. the population of Switzerland is 8.78 million
Which of the following would be an example of physical geography?
a. British Columbia is home to the Rocky Mountains
b. British Columbians speak mostly English
c. British Columbia has a population of 5.07 million
d. British Columbia votes mostly conservative
a. British Columbia is home to the Rocky Mountains
What are the five themes of geography (MR HELP)?
M - Movement
R - Region
HE - Human/Environment Interaction
L - Location
P - Place
Movement of people is called ______________, which is moving to a new location for the purpose of ___________.
migration; settlement
push - pull factors are the causes of movement and can be ___________ or _____________.
forced; voluntary
Forced causes of movement can be a result of:
1.
2.
3.
- natural disastors
- political conflict
- disease
Voluntary causes of movement can be a result of:
1.
2.
3.
- better jobs elsewhere
- to live where family is
- better climate elsewhere
The ‘Movement of Goods’ is called _______
trade
In Regions, common, unifying characteristics may be ___________ or ___________.
physical; human made
All _______ _________ are met by the environment.
basic needs
Basic needs that are met by the environment include:
1.
2.
3.
- food
- water
- shelter
There are 2 types of location: ________________- location and _____________ location
absolute
relative
Absolute location
- A specific place on the Earth’s surface
- Uses a grid system
- __________ and __________
- A global ____________
latitude; longitude
address
Relative location
- Shere a place is in relation to another place
- uses _______ _________ to describe cardinal and intermediate directions
directional words
The 5 themes of Geography originated by the National Geographic Society to fulfill a need for geographers (people who study the earth and everything on it) ________________ everything they learn
categorize
Place: Human Characteristics
What are the main _________, ____________, and _________ in the place?
languages
traditions
beliefs
Place: Physical Characteristics
What ________ __________, such as mountains, rivers, soil type, wildlife, climate, can be seen in the place?
natural features
Human-Environment Interactions
How do people interact with their environment?
People _______ to their environment
People _______ their environment
People ________ on their environment
adapt
modify
depend
Movement
How are people, goods, and ideas moved from place to place?
1.
2.
3.
- Human/Goods Movement (ex. trucks)
- Informational Movement (ex. email)
- Idea Movement (ex. television)
Region: Areas with similar physical or cultural traits
_____ Regions
- Regions degined by _______ _________ (Provinces, countries, cities)
- Regions defined by ________ ________ (Rocky mountains, Chinatown)
Formal
- actual boundaries
- similar characteristics
Region: Areas with similar physical or cultural traits
_________ Regions
1. Regions defined by a ________ (newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area)
Functional
- Function
Region: Areas with similar physical or cultural traits
___________ Regions
1. Regions that have no formal boundaries but are understood in our _______ ______ of the world (“The Middle East”, “The South”)
Vernacular
- Natural maps
Province: Newfoundland and Labrador
Capital: _________________
St. Johns
Province: Quebec
Capital: _________________
Quebec City
Province: Nova Scotia
Capital: _________________
Halifax
Province: New Brunswick
Capital: _________________
Fredericton
Province: P.E.I
Capital: _________________
CharlottestownP
Province: Ontario
Capital: _________________
Toronto
Province: Manitoba
Capital: _________________
Winnepeg
Province: Saskatchewan
Capital: _________________
Regina
Province: Alberta
Capital: _________________
Edmonton
Province: British Columbia
Capital: _________________
Victoria
Territory: Yukon
Capital: _________________
Whitehorse
Territory: Northwest Territories
Capital: _________________
Yellowknife
Territory: Nunavut
Capital: _________________
Iqualit
5 Great Lakes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
- Lake Ontario
- Lake Erie
- Lake Huron
- Lake Michegan
- Lake Superior
3 oceans that border Canada in order from east to west
1.
2.
3.
MUST BE IN ORDER
- Atlantic
- Arctic
- Pacific
5 Features of a Map
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
HINT: BOLTS
- Border
- Orientation
- Legend
- Title
- Scale
Features on a Map
____________; sets the map apart from other information
Border
Features on a Map
____________; often represented with an arrow or compass
Orientation
Features on a Map
____________; explains the meaning of symbols and colours used on the map
Legend
Features on a Map
____________; identifies the area shown, topic, focus, or purpose of the map
Title
Features on a Map
____________; represents the realtionship between distance on the map and distance in the real world
Scale
Large scale maps have a _______ area and __________ of detail (ex. road maps)
small
a lot
Small scale maps have a ______ area and ________ detail (ex. world maps)
small
a little
A map is a _______ representation of a portion of the earth’s surface ___________, as seen from above
graphic
drawn to scale
Maps provide ______ for geographers to observe ______ and ______ overtime to understand issues and help adress them
data
patterns
trends
There are 3 methods to locate places and features on a map
1. Alphanumeric Grid System
2. Military Grid System
3. _________ and ________
longitude and latitude
Longitude and Latitude
_________ and __________ lines that meaure distances north/south of the ___________- and east/west of the ________________ in degrees
vertical
hortizontal
equator
prime meridian
Latitude
Imaginary lines that run _______________ to measure the distance north or south of the equator
west to east
Latitude
Latitude lines are __________ to the _________ at regular intervals (about 111km apart)
parallel
equator
Longitude
Imaginary lines (meridians) that run ___________________ to measure the distance east or west of the prime meridian
north to south
Longitude
All lines begin and end at the ________ and therefore are not at a fixed distance apart
poles
Longitude
The prime meridian runs through Greenwich, ____________ and was randomly chosen
England
Longitude
The ___________________________ (180 degrees) is found on the opposite side of the plant of the prime meridian (0 degrees)
International date line
Longitude
The international date line is the reason we have different _________________
time zones
Why are Longitude and Latitude measured in Degrees?
In the field of mathematics, _________ are measured in degrees
circles
Why are Longitude and Latitude measured in Degrees?
There are _______________ in a circle… since the Earth is circulat, it was decided to measure latitude and longitude in degrees also
360 degrees
In Canada, we have 6 time zones
1. ______________ Standard Time
2. ______________ Standard Time
3. ______________ Standard Time
4. ______________ Standard Time
5. ______________ Standard Time
6. ______________ Standard Time
HINT: POOR MAN CAN’T EAT ANY NACHOS
- Pacific
- Mountain
- Central
- Eastern
- Atlantic
- Newfoundland
We are in the ___________ time zone
Eastern
A Canadian engineer named Sir __________________ proposed a system of standard time zones which relied on a consistet system of __________ and ______________
Sandford Fleming
latitude
longitude
There are _________- time zones on EARTH!
24
To label the Great Lakes from East to West (or left to right), we can use the acronym ___________ to help!
SMHEO
The 6 Major Rivers in Canada are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
- Yukon River
- Mackenzie River
- Fraser River
- Sask. River
- Ottawa River
- St. Lawrence River
The longest Major River is the ___________ River
Mackenzie
The northernmost point in Canada is ______________________, ____________.
Cape Columbia, Nunavut
The Southernmost point in Canada is ____________, ____________.
Point Pree, Ontario
The Easternmost point in Canada is __________, ____________.
Cape Spear, Newfoundland
The Westernmost point in Canada is ______________, ________.
Boundary Peak 187,Yukon
Which of the following is not one of the required features of a proper map?
a. orientation
b. color
c. title
d. scale
b. color
Telling someone that “Gaetan’s chip stand is located in the middle of Alexandria” is an example of:
a. Human-Environment Interaction
b. Absolute Location
c. Region
d. Relative Location
d. Relative location
Which of the following is an example of a formal region?
a. Ontario, Canada
b. The Rocky Mountains
c. The Ottawa Valley
d. Parliment of Canada
a. Ontario, Canada
Which of the following is an example of a vernacular region?
a. The Middle East
b. Afghanistan
c. Kandahar, Afghanistan
d. The Afghanistan War Zone
a. The Middle East
Which of the following was NOT one of Canada’s first 4 provinces?
a. New Brunswick
b. Ontario
c. Nova Scotia
d. Newfoundland
d. Newfoundland
What is the name of the imaginary line that runs horizontally in the center of the Earth, splitting it into the Northern and Southern hemisphere?
a. Prime Meridian
b. Latitude
c. Equator
d. Longitude
c. Equator
In which country does the Prime Meridian run through?
a. England
b. China
c. Canada
d. Russia
a. England
What is the name of the imaginary line that runs vertically in the “center” of the Earth, representing 0 degrees longitude?
a. Prime Meridian
b. Latitude
c. Equator
d. Hemisphere
a. Prime Meridian
What invention created a need for time zones?
a. The clock
b. The sun
c. The computer
d. The train
d. The train
Why are time zones not perfectly straight?
a. for political reasons
b. for social reasons
c. for geographical reasons
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
