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Year 8 Revision > Geography Unequal World > Flashcards

Geography Unequal World Flashcards

To revise key vocabulary in the unequal world topic

1
Q

Development

A

How progressed a country is in terms of economy, technology and human welfare

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2
Q

Standard of Living

A

The physical things, like money and assets

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3
Q

LIC

A

Low Income Country

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4
Q

Quality of Life

A

The things you can’t see: like happiness and safety

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5
Q

NEE

A

Newly Emerging Economy

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6
Q

HIC

A

High Income Country

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7
Q

GNI Per Head

A

Describes a country’s level of development, using imports, exports and services

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8
Q

HDI

A

A development indicator that considers GNI, life expectancy and years of education

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9
Q

Birth Rate

A

Births per 1000 of the total population

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10
Q

Death Rate

A

Deaths per 1000 of the total population

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11
Q

Infant Mortality Rate

A

Number of babies below the age of 1 that die per 1000 babies below the age of 1

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12
Q

People Per Doctor

A

The number of doctors per 1000 people

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13
Q

Literacy Rate

A

The percentage of the population who have basic reading and writing skills

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14
Q

Life Expectancy

A

From birth, the age an average person can expect to live

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15
Q

Access To Safe Water

A

Percentage of the population with regular access to germ and disease-free water

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16
Q

Climate Related Disease

A

Countries with climates suitable for diseases eg hot and humid with mosquitoes for malaria

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17
Q

Poor Governance

A

Countries with a bad government which spends money on things that don’t help/hinder development eg weapons

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18
Q

Debt

A

Countries have to pay other countries money that they owe eg many LICs in the 60s and 70s

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19
Q

Poor Water Quality

A

Countries can have infected water which means people are sick and can’t work

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20
Q

Goods Sold

A

Countries may not have useful products to export and have to import products, costing money eg only having low value raw materials

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21
Q

Water Supply

A

Countries may not have a good water supply so citizens have to leave work to search for water

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22
Q

Landlocked With Bad Neighbours

A

Countries have to rely on their neighbours to get water access and also can’t get money from water-based activities

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23
Q

Lack of Natural Resources

A

Countries with few resources may find it hard to create products to sell

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24
Q

Weather Hazards

A

Weather disasters like hurricanes could occur, which kill people and makes them lose their homes so they can’t work

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25
Q

Colonialism

A

Countries may have been colonised and the empires used many local resources and killed/enslaved people eg British Empire

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26
Q

Cycle of Poverty

A

Once some people are in poverty, they and their descendants may find it difficult to escape poverty, so the country has lots of poor people

27
Q

Climate

A

Climate can make a country too hot and dry or too wet and cold

28
Q

War

A

War kills people, and ruins the economy because lots of money is spent on war and people also have to rebuild, leaving no room for other things like healthcare

29
Q

Rapid Population Growth

A

The country’s money must be spent on food/services and there may not be enough healthcare/education

30
Q

Absolute Poverty

A

Living on <$1 a day

31
Q

Relative poverty

A

Very poor compared to the local average

32
Q

Corruption

A

When a leader runs a country and benefits themself, not the country’s population

33
Q

Fairtrade

A

A company that gives cocoa/banana/clothes farmers a reasonable price and a Fairtrade premium

34
Q

Fairtrade premium

A

An extra piece of money Fairtrade farmers can use for the benefit of the community for every certain amount of cocoa they produce

35
Q

Middleman

A

Someone who buys cocoa from farmers to give to the company

36
Q

Investment

A

Larger companies can locate part of their business in other countries. Locals get jobs and they build roads, internet cables and factories

37
Q

Aid

A

When one of more countries gives money or materials to another country. The money is often tied

38
Q

Tied

A

Money given from aid can only be spent on certain things

39
Q

Intermediate Technology

A

Using tools and techniques suitable for their country of use eg basic tools for countries that can’t uphold expensive machinery

40
Q

Debt relief

A

Organising debt so the payments are more manageable

41
Q

Microfinance Loans

A

Where small manageable loans are given to LICs for development projects

42
Q

Bilateral Aid

A

Country- country aid

43
Q

Voluntary Aid

A

Charity- country aid

44
Q

Multilateral Aid

A

Global organisation- country

45
Q

NGO

A

Non-government organisation

46
Q

Top-bottom development

A

Large scale development projects

47
Q

Bottom-up development

A

Small, local development projects

48
Q

Shops

A

Places that sell products

49
Q

Importers

A

People who bring the cocoa to the companies

50
Q

Companies

A

Company that makes chocolate

51
Q

Farmer

A

Person who grows cocoa

52
Q

Buyer

A

Person who buys products

53
Q

Hippo Roller

A

Device that helps people collect water

54
Q

International Migration

A

People move to from poor places to more developed places

55
Q

Lack of social opportunity

A

Children in poorer areas get suck in poverty and can’t get out

56
Q

Political instability

A

Civil wars and riots occur more often when the richer are much richer than the poor

57
Q

Aid dependency

A

Many LICs are heavily in debt because they borrowed money

58
Q

Development Gap

A

The difference in standard of living and quality of life between the world’s richest and poorest countries

59
Q

SDG

A

Sustainable development goals set by the UN to improve the world

60
Q

What are the sustainable development goals?

A

17 goals set by the UN to help countries develop sustainably

61
Q

Name strengths /weaknesses of 2 social development indicators

A

Death Rate- it shows amount and quality of doctors, and also could imply how good the safe access to water or GNI is but doesn’t show how good their life was
Life Expectancy- shows doctors and implies water and money but does not regard the quality of their lives

62
Q

Name strengths /weaknesses of 2 economic development indicators

A

GNI per head- shows how much money a country has but doesn’t show quality of life or life expectancy
Economy of Country- Shows how much money a country has, however it does not show how much money each person has

63
Q
A

Year 8 Revision (4 decks)

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