Geography test study

Question 1

What are the 7 landform regions of Canada?

Answer 1

-Canadian Shield
-Hudson Bay Arctic Lowlands
-Innuitian Mountains
-Interior Plains
-Western Cordillera
-The Appalachian Mountains
-Great lakes—St. Lawrence Lowlands

Question 2

What landform region do we live in?

Answer 2

Great Lakes—St. Lawrence Lowlands

Question 3

What landform region is the largest in Canada?

Answer 3

The Canadian Shield

Question 4

What are the three rock types?

Answer 4

Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous (Intrusive and extrusive)

Question 5

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Answer 5

Sedimentary rocks are formed by particles including sand, shells, pebbles, and other substances.
Over long periods of time, layers of these fragments build up and eventually harden into rock when these particles lose water.

Question 6

What is the process of cementation and compaction?

Answer 6

Compacting and cementing are how sedimentary rocks are formed. When sediments are transported by water or wind and build up in oceans, lakes, and valleys, they start to stack onto each other, creating layers. These sediment particles are then pressed together and compacted. As for cementing, water passes through these layers, which helps with the cementing that soon enough forms these rocks.

Question 7

How are igneous rocks formed?

Answer 7

Intrusive: Igneous rocks form from magma and cool down inside the crust of the earth.

Extrusive: Igneous rocks that erupt onto the surface that are essentially lava that cools very quickly (sometimes air gets trapped in them and they form small bubbles/holes).

Question 8

What is the difference between magma and lava?

Answer 8

Magma: molten rock that is underground.
Lava: molten rock that breaks through the earth’s surface.

Question 9

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Answer 9

When under intense heat and pressure, rocks under the surface of the earth are formed. Due to their process, you might see crystals on the surface of the rock’s layers.

Question 10

What kind of rock do we most use for jewelry?

Answer 10

Metamorphic rocks (Diamonds, rubies, emeralds, etc.).

Question 11

What is the weakest form of rock?

Answer 11

Sedimentary rocks

Question 12

Who created the theory of plate tectonics?

Answer 12

Alfred Wegener

Question 13

What are plate tectonics?

Answer 13

Large pieces of land that make up the earth’s crust

Question 14

What evidence is there to suggest that the supercontinent, Pangea, existed?

Answer 14

Continent’s crust → One of Alfred’s pieces of evidence behind this theory was how you were able to piece the continents back together, sort of like a puzzle.

Fossils → Fossils of the exact plant or animal are found on different continents.

Mountains and rocks formation →Mountains and rock formations found in separate continents seemed to be of similar age/structure.

Ice sheets → Parts of Africa, Australia, South America, and India were found to have ice sheets. Being too close to the equator, these ice sheets shouldn’t have formed.

Question 15

What are divergent plate boundaries?

Question 16

What are convergent plate boundaries?

Answer 16

Convergent is when plates move towards each other.

Question 17

What are transform plate boundaries?

Answer 17

Transform are plates that slide past each other.

Question 18

Where are we most likely to experience earthquakes?

Answer 18

The ring of fire; the edges of the Pacific Ocean.

Question 19

What is folding?

Answer 19

when tectonic processes put stress on a rock, and the rock bends instead of breaking.

Question 20

What is faulting?

Answer 20

Faults are cracks in the earth’s crust along which there is movement.