GEOGRAPHY TERM 2

Question 1

Name the 3 main physical areas in South Africa

Answer 1

The coastal plain
The escarpment
The plateau

Question 2

What is the coastal plain

Answer 2

It is an area near the coast.
It is a flat area of land
It is not high above sea level
It is a large area

Question 3

What is the escarpment

Answer 3

It is steep slopes
It divides the coastal plain from the plateau
There are high mountains along or near the escarpment

Question 4

What is the plateau

Answer 4

It is a large flat area with steep sides
it is the largest part of SA
It is 1000-2000 meters above sea level

Question 5

Name the 6 smaller physical areas in SA

Answer 5

Highveld
Lowveld
Kalahari
Great Karoo
Little Karoo
Namaqualand

Question 6

What makes physical areas different

Answer 6

Height
Size
Rain

Question 7

What are mountains

Answer 7

It is high areas of land with steep sides

Question 8

What is a mountain range

Answer 8

Area with many mountains

Question 9

What are hills

Answer 9

Smaller mountains with gentle slopes

Question 10

What are valleys

Answer 10

Low areas between mountains and hills

Question 11

What are rivers

Answer 11

Channels of fresh water that flow downhill. They start at high places and flow into the the sea and lakes

Question 12

What are waterfalls

Answer 12

Rivers that flows over a piece of land

Question 13

What is a coastline

Answer 13

A narrow strip of land next to the sea.

Question 14

How long are SA’s coastlines

Answer 14

+-3000 km long

Question 15

What is a cape

Answer 15

A piece of land that sticks into the sea like cape point

Question 16

What is a bay

Answer 16

An area of sea partly surrounded by land like false bay

Question 17

How do places get their names

Answer 17

They get their names for different reasons from shape, colour, plants etc

Question 18

Where does uKhalamba-Drakensberg get its name from

Answer 18

From 2 languages
Zulu meaning sharp edge
Afrikaans meaning dragon mountains

Question 19

Why is the Mthatha river named that

Answer 19

Because of the large numbers of Thatha trees that grow next to the river bank’s

Question 20

Where does Robben Island get its name

Answer 20

Robben comes from the dutch word seal because there were lots of seals on Robben Island when the Dutch arrived.

Question 21

What is a source

Answer 21

Where a river starts

Question 22

What is a mouth

Answer 22

Where the river flows into the sea

Question 23

What is a tributary

Answer 23

A small river that flows into a bigger river

Question 24

What is a river system

Answer 24

Main river and all its tributories

Question 25

What is a catchment area

Answer 25

An area covered by one main river and all its tributaries. There is only 1 river system in a catchment area

Question 26

Name the main rivers in South Africa

Answer 26

``` Limpopo Olifants Thuleka mzimvubu Great Fish Gamtoos Berg Vaal Gariep-Orange ```

Question 27

What does everyone need

Answer 27

Water

Question 28

What are most cities near to

Answer 28

Rivers

Question 29

Name the cities and their rivers

Answer 29

``` New Orleans - Mississippi River Frankfurt - Rhine River Cairo - Nile River Manaus - Amazon River Islamabad - Indus river Xi'an - Huang He River Canberra - Murray river Kinshasa - Congo River ```

Question 30

Where do people in SA live

Answer 30

In flat areas and valleys between mountains and coastal plains and in areas o the plateau

Question 31

Why do few people live in high mountain areas

Answer 31

Land is to steep Weather is cold Soil is not good for farming Difficult to build roads

Question 32

Why do more people live in flat areas or valleys

Answer 32

Land is flatter for farming Weather is warmer There are bigger rivers There are more space to build settlements and roads

Question 33

Why do people live an work in the coastal plain

Answer 33

``` It is close to the sea for fishing There are harbours for ships Land is flat for building things Soil is good for farming There are big rivers for water and transport ```

Question 34

How do people change the land

Answer 34

Farmers cut down trees and make fields People dig into the land to make mines and quarries Build towns and cities that cover land with buildings Roads and railways change the land People build dams and rivers

Question 35

How do people make dams

Answer 35

They build walls across rivers | The river water spreads out behind the wall to make a man-made lake

Question 36

Why do dams change the land

Answer 36

They cover large areas of farmland The change the flow of rivers They may increase floods

Question 37

Why do we build roads

Answer 37

To make transport easier | All roads change the land

Question 38

What types of roads are there

Answer 38

Sand road | Big motorways

Question 39

What is a mine

Answer 39

Areas where people dig out rocks fro the ground

Question 40

What is a quarry

Answer 40

An open kind of mine