geography revision yr 8 2024 exam

Question 1

what is urbanisation?

Answer 1

Urbanisation is the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities. Urbanisation occurs because people move from rural areas (countryside) to urban areas (towns and cities).

Question 2

what is a megcity?

Answer 2

A city that has over 10 million people

Question 3

what’s a pull factor for going into urban area (city)

Answer 3

• more job opportiuntues
• family lives there
• better education
  -less expensises
• better health care

Question 4

what’s a push factor? Something that is pushing out of the ruel areas?

Answer 4

• natural disasters such as flooding, drought, storms, famin
• bad healthcare
• not many school and opportunitys for education such as university
• wars
• expensive in ruel areas

Question 5

what is Internal migration?

Answer 5

Internal migration occurs when someone moves from one section of a country to another. The most notable example of internal migration has been the movement from rural regions to cities; urban area.

Question 6

what is a divergent plate boundary?

Answer 6

occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other. Along these boundaries, earthquakes are common and magma (molten rock) rises from the Earth’s mantle to the surface, solidifying to create new oceanic crust.

Question 7

what is a convergent plate boundary?

Answer 7

A tectonic boundary where two plates are moving toward each other. If the two plates are of equal density, they usually push up against each other, forming a mountain chain.

Question 8

what is a transform plate boundary?

Answer 8

a type of fault in which two tectonic plates slide past one another

Question 9

what is a continental/ocean crust?

Answer 9

Oceanic crust is formed from magma that rises from the mantle and cools at the ocean floor. Continental crust, on the other hand, is formed from the accumulation of sediments and the melting of rocks.

Question 10

what is the focus of a earthquake?

Answer 10

The focus is the place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates. The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. When energy is released at the focus, seismic waves travel outward from that point in all directions.

Question 11

what is the epicentre of a earthquake?

Answer 11

the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Sometimes an earthquake has foreshocks. These are smaller earthquakes that happen in the same place as the larger earthquake that follows.

Question 12

what is a primary impact?

Answer 12

A primary effect is one that is directly caused by the disaster

Primary e.g. Buildings may collapse due to the shaking of the ground. E.g. 2 People may die if they are inside a building when it collapses.

Question 13

what is a secondary impact?

Answer 13

the indirect effects causes by the primary impacts, after the main event - in the coming hours, days and weeks

Secondary e.g. Trade will decrease, especially if the infrastructure (roads, airports etc) have been damaged. E.g. 2 Poor sanitation may occur if water pipes were broken during the earthquake.

Question 14

what is urban renewal?

Answer 14

the redevelopment of areas within a large city, typically involving the clearance of slums.

Question 15

what is urban sprawl?

Answer 15

the rapid expansion of the geographic extent of cities and towns

Question 16

why can urban sprawl be a problem?

Answer 16

increased urban heat, congestion, pollution and waste, as well as growing pressure on our increasingly scarce resources such as water and energy.