Geography - Population

Question 1

How is population influenced?

Answer 1

Population is influenced by:
- birth rates
- death rates
- migration

Question 2

How can population be presented?

Answer 2

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

Question 3

What is a birth rate?

Answer 3

A measurement of the number of live births in a country. Usually given as a figure per 1,000 people per year.

Question 4

What is a death rate?

Answer 4

The number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.

Question 5

How can we manage a country’s population?

Answer 5

1) Encourage people to have more or fewer children

Question 6

Why is it important to measure a country’s population?

Answer 6

1) Collecting population data can help local services to make decisions where services are needed. E.g. new housing and supporting people with disabilities.

2) Monitor how society is changing over time.

Question 7

What is it called when changes occur due t birth and death rates ?

Answer 7

Natural changes

Question 8

What does a Demographic Transition Model show?

Answer 8

The DTM shows the relationship between birth and death rates and population (it does not include migration)

Question 9

STAGE ONE OF THE DTM

Answer 9

Stage one
Population is low but there are high birth and death rates

Question 10

STAGE 2 OF THE DTM

Answer 10

Population begins to increase as death rates fall due to improvements in medicine and sanitation

Question 11

STAGE 3 OF THE DTM

Answer 11

Population is still increasing but more gradually.

Birth rates fall due to increases in access to contraception, improvements to health education and desire for small families.

Death rates continue to fall but at a slower rate than at stage 2.

Question 12

STAGE 5

Answer 12

Population may start to decline at this point due to low birth rates and an ageing population leading to a slight increase in death rates.

Question 13

STAGE 4

Answer 13

Population is now high but as birth rates and death rates are now low, the rate of population change is steadier than before

Question 14

Why do we use population pyramids?

Answer 14

To help Geographers understand the structure of a country

Question 15

What does a wide base of a pyramid indicate?

Answer 15

a larger younger population

Question 16

What do winder bars at the top of a pyramid indicate?

Answer 16

Wider bars at the top of the pyramid indicate an ageing population

Question 17

Factors which could lead to anomalies in the pyramid.

Answer 17

1) a longer than expected bar may indicate a large amount of immigration at that age range

2) a shorter than expected bar may be due to war or famine

Question 18

How do countries manage their population?

Answer 18

Governments will create policies to manage their population.
1) Encourage people to have children through pro-natal policies

2) They may try to decrease birth rates by discouraging people to have babies.

Question 19

What policies has China introduced to manage their population?

Answer 19

One child policy