Geography final UT Flashcards

1
Q

Which industries have large area as a location factor

A

Heavy industries

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2
Q

Which industries have being close to raw materials as the location factor

A

**raw material-oriented industries
**

(i.e.)
heavy and bulky raw materials
perishable raw materials

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2
Q

Which industries have easy access to investors as the location factor

A

capital-inventive industries

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3
Q

Name all manufacturing industries

A

Light industry

heavy industry

labour-intentive industry

capital-intensive industry

low-tech industry

high-tech industry

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4
Q

Name the process of maufacturing

A

Input
process
output

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4
Q

Name four sectors of manufacturing

A

primary industry

secondary industry

tertiary industry

quaternary industry

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5
Q

What classifies an economic activity as maufacturing

A

By adding value to the produce

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6
Q

Name ways how all manufacturing industries are affected by government policy

A

Financial subsidies:

low tax rates

subsidies

transport and telecommunications infrastructure

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7
Q

Manufacturing industry was very important to Hong Kong’s economy in the 1950s( True / False ) ?

A

true

25% of GDP ( gross domestic product )

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7
Q

Which industry was the primary employment structure of Hong Kong?

A

Manufacturing industry ( 45.6% )

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7
Q

Name the primary manufacturing product of the manufacturing industry ( name 2 )

A

Garments ( 43 % )

Textiles ( 9.5 % )

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7
Q

Why did the manufacturing industry flourish in Hong Kong?

A

influx of capital and talents
industrialists - capital and management skills

cheap labour
migrants from mainland

Deep natural harbour and free port policy

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8
Q

Name 4 old urban areas where flatted factories were common

A

Kwun Tong
Quarry Bay
Tsuen Wan
San Po Kong

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8
Q

Name 4 new towns

A

Tuen Mun
Fanling
Yuen Long
Sha Tin
Tai Po

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9
Q

Which policy did the provisional government of the ZDR adopt?

A

The policy of favouring development of clean, high tech and profitable industries

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9
Q

Why did factories move from old urban areas to new towns
( north )

A

Because in general, factories in these industrial estates were larger

9
Q

Why did industrialists relocate production/ factories from ZDR again in the 2000s?

A

unfavourable government policy in the ZDR

Lower industrial land rent

lower electricity tariff

lower water charges

lower average monthly wages ( labour costs )

10
Q

Why did the manufacturing industry of Hong Kong start declining in the 1980s

A

Also considered push factors:

Higher wages
higher land rents
stricter pollution controls

10
Q

List 4 pull factors of ZDR

A

lower labour costs

lower land rent

looser pollution controls

close to hk

industrialists were familiar with ZDR

11
Q

Why did manufacturing keep their headquarters in Hong Kong while they conducted manufacturing elsewhere?

A

HK has/had

well developed transport network

high education levels ( lots of high quality managers & accountants )

good legal and financial systems