Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ur mom > GEOGRAPHY EXAM KEY TERMS > Flashcards

GEOGRAPHY EXAM KEY TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

What is demography?

A

The study of human populations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Birth rate?

A

The number of births in a population per 1000 people per year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Death rate?

A

The number of deaths in a population per 1000 people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is natural increase rate?

A

The difference between the birth rate and the death rate per year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is an immigrant?

A

A person who moves to one country from another country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is an emigrant?

A

A person who leaves one country to move to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Immigration rate?

A

The number of immigrants moving to a country per year per 1000 people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is emigration rate?

A

The number of emigrants moving from a country per year per 1000 people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is net migration rate?

A

The immigration rate minus the emigration rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is population growth rate?

A

The natural increase rate plus the net migration rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the doubling time?

A

The length of time for a country’s population to double at a particular population growth rate (note: you apply the rule of 70 to estimate the doubling time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Whats a push factor?

A

A reason that encourages people to move away from their country

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Whats a pull factor

A

A reason that makes a particular country seem attractive to potential immigrants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Whats a refugee?

A

Someone who moves to another country because of fear of cruel or inhumane treatment (even death) in her or his home country as a result of race, religion, sexual orientation, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Whats a population pyramid?

A

A type of graph that shows population distribution by age and gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a dependency load?

A

The percentage of the population that is not working. It is conventionally defined as including people younger than age 15 and older than age 65

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is demographic momentum?

A

the tendency for growing populations to continue growing after a fertility decline because of their young age distribution. This is important because once this happens a country moves to a different stage in the demographic transition model.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is demographic trap?

A

When there is high fertility and declining mortality resulting in population growth rate and the country is unable to provide for the big population leading to a trap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What’s the global water availability?

A

3% of the bodies of water on Earth and some of them are locked up in glaciers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does ecological footprint mean?

A

the impact of a person or community on the environment, expressed as the amount of land required to sustain their use of natural resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is waste disposal?

A

the collection, sorting, transport and treatment of waste as well as its storage and tipping above or under ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is Planned obsolescence?

A

happens when manufacturers design products to have an artificially shortened life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is Perceived obsolescence?

A

when consumers believe a product is no longer useful or no longer holds value, so they purchase the newer model or upgrade that product.

24
Q

What is Sustainability?

A

the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

25
What is Natural resource extraction?
The extraction of resources refers to the withdrawing of materials from the environment for human use, including fossil fuels (oil, gas, and coal), rocks and minerals, biomass via deforestation and fishing and hunting, and water.
26
Materials economy?
It is a system that starts with the extraction of raw materials from the ground and their processing into usable materials.
27
List the order of the stages of the materials economy
1. Extraction 2. Production 3. Distribution 4.Consumption 5.Disposal
28
What does Cradle to grave mean?
considering the entire lifespan or life cycle of something, from its beginning to its end. It involves looking at all stages and aspects of a particular entity or process, from creation to disposal or demise.
29
What does Cradle to cradle mean?
is an approach that aims to create products and systems that can be endlessly recycled or reused without losing their value, while also promoting environmental and human health benefits throughout their entire life cycle.
30
Order the layers of the Earth from inside to outside
1. Inner core 2. Outer core 3.Mantle 4.Asthenosphere 5.Lithosphere 6.Oceanic Crust 7.Continental Crust
31
What is Conversion Collision and what does it create?
When 2 plate boundaries moves toward each other -Earthquakes
32
What is Conversion Subduction and what does it create?
When 1 platte boundary goes under the another -Volcanoes
33
What is Divergent and what does it create?
When 2 plates move apart form each other -Ocean Ridges -New oceanic crust(land)
34
What is transform and what does it create?
When 2 plate boundaries pass by each other -faults -small earthquakes
35
Where do Earthquakes occur and how do we measure them or predict them?
where jigsaw pieces meet Seismometer, richter scale, you cant predict earthquakes
36
Where do Volcanoes occur and how do we measure them or predict them?
Ring of fire, where land and water meet
37
How do glaciers form?
1. Snow Accumulation: 2. Compaction and Recrystallization 3.Glacier Movement when snow accumulates over time, turns to ice, and begins to flow outwards and downwards under the pressure of its own weight.
38
What is LOWERN?
1. Latitude 2. Ocean currents 3. Wind 4. Elevation 5.Relief 6.Near water
39
What does Latitude tell us about a climate?
As you move away from the equator towards higher latitudes, temperatures generally decrease, and distinct seasons become more pronounced.
40
What does Ocean Currents tell us about a climate?
Warm currents warm the air above the water causing a warmer, wetter climate even at higher latitudes Cold currents lead to cold climates due to the fact that cold air cannot hold asa much water asa warm air can
41
What does elevation tell us about a climate?
The higher the elevation of a place, the cooler its temperature tends to be.
42
What does relief tell us about a climate?
As air is forced to rise it expands and becomes less dense and cooler, leading to precipitation (WINDWARD) As air descends on the other side of the mountain(LEEWARD SIDE) it will become drier and the temperature will increase
43
What does near water tell us about a climate?
Water bodies provide a source of moisture and heat for the land In the summer, water acts like an air conditioner to keep air temperature cool In the winter water acts like a heater to keep the temperatures from getting too cold
44
What are igneous rocks? (intrusive + extrusive)
Rock that forms when magma or lava cools. -The worlds first rocks were igneous -All rocks came from igneous rocks -cools deep within the earth -cools slowly due to warm temperature (no cold temperature) Intrusive Igneous rocks are igneous rocks that formed beneath the Earth's surface Extrusive Igneous rocks are igneous rocks that dont have crystals in them because there was not enough time for them to form
45
What are Sedimentary rocks?
Rocks that formed due to compaction of sediments of igneous rocks
46
What are metamorphic rocks?
Rocks that are formed when igneous or sedimentary rocks are subjected to heat, pressure, and certain fluids
47
What is the first stage of a demographic transition model and what are its characteristics?
High stationary Birth rate: High Death rate: High Natural Increase: Stable or slow increase Reasons of changes in birth rate:Many children needed for farming. Many children die at early age. Religious/social encouragement. No family planning Reasons of change in death rate: Disease, famine, poor medical knowledge, many children die
48
Q What is the second stage of a demographic transition model and what are its characteristics?
Early Expanding Birth rate: High Death rate: Falls rapidly Natural Increase: Rapid Increase Reasons of changes in birth rate: Many children needed for farming. Many children die at early age. Reasons of change in death rate: Improvements in medical care, water supply, and sanitation, fewer children die
49
What is the third stage of a demographic transition model and what are its characteristics?
Late Expanding Birth rate: Falling Death rate: Falls more slowly Natural Increase: increase slows down Reasons of changes in birth rate: Improved medical care and diet, and fewer children are needed Reasons of change in death rate: Improvements in medical care, water supply, and sanitation, fewer children die
50
What is the fourth stage of a demographic transition model and what are its characteristics?
Low stationary Birth rate: Low Death rate: Low Natural Increase: stable or slow increase Reasons of changes in birth rate: Family planning, good health, improving status of women, later marriages Reasons of change in death rate: good health care reliable food
51
What is the fifth stage of a demographic transition model and what are its characteristics?
Declining Birth rate: Very low Death rate: low Natural Increase: slow decrease Reasons of changes in birth rate: Family planning, good health, improving status of women, later marriages Reasons of change in death rate: good health care reliable food
52
Explain an EXPANSIVE PYRAMID...
-broad base -triangular shaped -high population of children -low population of elders -low life expectancy -limited access to healthcare and education high birth rates high death rates
53
Explain an STATIONARY PYRAMID...
-rectangular shaped -similar population sizes across various ages stable birth rates sable death rates
54
Explain an CONSTRICTIVE PYRAMID...
-relatively higher older population -narrow base low birth rates lower death rates
55
What is erosion?
erosion is the carrying of weathered material through water and wind and other natural resources
56
What is deposition
deposition is the dropping of the weathered material.
57
What is weathering?
Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth.

ur mom (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions