Geography EXAM

Question 1

Plate boundary Type of plate boundary

Answer 1

Constructive (divergent)

Y Destructive (convergent)

Z Conservative

Question 2

Which of these is NOT evidence for plate tectonic theory (circle 1)

Answer 2

C. Volcanoes

D. Convection currents

Question 3

Explain why earthquakes and volcanoes occur at these boundaries

Answer 3

As the oceanic plate descends under continental plate tension forms due to pressure and energy is suddenly released as shockwaves

At the subduction zone friction causes the oceanic plate to melt and pressure rises forcing the magma to rise upwards as a volcano

Question 4

Define: Epicentre

Answer 4

The point on the earth’s surface directly (vertically) above the focus of an earthquake.

Question 5

Define: Focus

Answer 5

The point in the earth crust where the earthquake happens.

Question 6

Explain why the impacts from the Haiti earthquake were so devastating for people

Answer 6

Level 1 (1-2) - basic ideas and description of the impacts ‘people died, houses destroyed, people couldn’t go to work’

Level 2 (3-4) - developed idea which explains why these impacts arouse and they caused such problems ‘xx people died in the disaster which is particularly bad, mainly they died by buildings collapsing’

Question 7

Explain one short term response to the Haiti earthquake

Answer 7

People were moved into temporary shelters by charities because they had lost their homes.

Question 8

Which of these facts are false about the Indian Ocean tsunami. (Circle one)

Answer 8

b. Water moved slowly at 100mph

Question 9

Explain how an earthquake trigged the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004

Answer 9

The Indo Australian plate was subducted under the Eurasian plate which created earthquake under the ocean that caused water to be displaced

An earthquake causes water to be displaced water is forced upwards and the energy spreads out, waves get bigger the closer they get to land

Question 10

Which of these statements do not make up the definition for sustainability? (circle one)

Answer 10

c. needs to be short term

Question 11

Explain how nuclear energy can be described as both sustainable and unsustainable

Answer 11

Sustainable : Recyclable energy that doesn’t require fossil fuels to create, this means that the energy is greener and doesn’t emit as much CO2.

Unsustainable: only has a limited life and once it is no longer useable for the creation of energy, it must be disposed of carefully which can cause environmental damage

Question 12

Give two environmental impacts of the Chernobyl disaster

Answer 12

Negative: Loss of habitats, radiation levels in the atmosphere

Positive: re-wilding

Question 13

Define superpower nations

Answer 13

A superpower is an extremely powerful country, especially one capable of influencing international events and the acts and policies of less powerful countries. Its power can be felt all over the world

Question 14

Name the 4 MINT nation countries

Answer 14

Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey

Question 15

What is a superpower?

Answer 15

An extremely powerful country, especially one capable of influencing international events and the acts and policies of less powerful countries. Its power can be felt all over the world

Question 16

Name the 4 MINT nation countries.

Answer 16

Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey

1 mark for 2/3 correct, 2 marks for all four

Question 17

Explain why the British Empire was described as ‘The Empire on which the sun never sets.’

Answer 17

As it held so many territories around the world, they cross many time zones so the sun was always shining somewhere in the British Empire

1 mark for identifying reason, 1 mark for explanation

Question 18

How did the Second World War and Indian independence contribute to the fall of the British Empire?

Answer 18

The Second World War Britain was no longer ruler of the world, USA and Russia (USSR) had more nuclear weapons and larger population than the British empire. They also had more money

2x2

Indian Independence India was the largest, most profitable British colony, when India gained independence in 1947, they took the population and wealth back and showed others in the empire, they could leave too.

Question 19

Define invasive species.

Answer 19

An invasive species is an organism that causes ecological or economic harm in a new environment where it is not native

Question 20

Using an example, explain one negative impact that an invasive species has on the environment.

Answer 20

E.g. The invasive species can eat the food supply of the native species. The grey squirrels eat more green acorns reducing the food source for red squirrels who eat ripened acorns

1 mark for negative impact, further mark for the effect it has on the environment/example

Question 21

Identify one primary consumer.

Answer 21

a) Caterpillar

Question 22

Describe the locations of the world’s tropical biomes.

Answer 22

Between the latitude of 23.5°N and 23.5°S
Central Africa, South East Asia, Brazil and Central America

Question 23

Using the diagram below, label 2 adaptations that rainforest vegetation has gained to help them survive.

Answer 23

Drip tip leaves
Tall, straight trunks

Question 24

Explain one way the vegetation in the rainforest have adapted to the climate.

Answer 24

Buttress roots are wide and are needed as trees grow very tall (60metres) to reach the light

Question 25

How can IGOs impact global development in terms of security?

Answer 25

IGOs like the UN Security Council and NATO play a crucial role in global security by applying sanctions, authorizing military force, and peacekeeping efforts.

Question 26

How can IGOs impact global development in terms of environment?

Answer 26

IGOS like the IPCC work to provide scientific assessments on climate change, its implications, and mitigation options, which can reduce global emissions and improve development in certain regions.

Question 27

What was the British Empire’s status after the Second World War?

Answer 27

Britain was no longer ruler of the world, USA and Russia had more nuclear weapons, larger population, and more money than the British empire.

Question 28

Describe two adaptations of rainforest vegetation to survive.

Answer 28

Rainforest vegetation has adaptations like drip tip leaves and tall, straight trunks to thrive in the tropical environment.