Geography EXAM Flashcards
Plate boundary Type of plate boundary
Constructive (divergent)
Y Destructive (convergent)
Z Conservative
Which of these is NOT evidence for plate tectonic theory (circle 1)
C. Volcanoes
D. Convection currents
Explain why earthquakes and volcanoes occur at these boundaries
As the oceanic plate descends under continental plate tension forms due to pressure and energy is suddenly released as shockwaves
At the subduction zone friction causes the oceanic plate to melt and pressure rises forcing the magma to rise upwards as a volcano
Define: Epicentre
The point on the earth’s surface directly (vertically) above the focus of an earthquake.
Define: Focus
The point in the earth crust where the earthquake happens.
Explain why the impacts from the Haiti earthquake were so devastating for people
Level 1 (1-2) - basic ideas and description of the impacts ‘people died, houses destroyed, people couldn’t go to work’
Level 2 (3-4) - developed idea which explains why these impacts arouse and they caused such problems ‘xx people died in the disaster which is particularly bad, mainly they died by buildings collapsing’
Explain one short term response to the Haiti earthquake
People were moved into temporary shelters by charities because they had lost their homes.
Which of these facts are false about the Indian Ocean tsunami. (Circle one)
b. Water moved slowly at 100mph
Explain how an earthquake trigged the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004
The Indo Australian plate was subducted under the Eurasian plate which created earthquake under the ocean that caused water to be displaced
An earthquake causes water to be displaced water is forced upwards and the energy spreads out, waves get bigger the closer they get to land
Which of these statements do not make up the definition for sustainability? (circle one)
c. needs to be short term
Explain how nuclear energy can be described as both sustainable and unsustainable
Sustainable : Recyclable energy that doesn’t require fossil fuels to create, this means that the energy is greener and doesn’t emit as much CO2.
Unsustainable: only has a limited life and once it is no longer useable for the creation of energy, it must be disposed of carefully which can cause environmental damage
Give two environmental impacts of the Chernobyl disaster
Negative: Loss of habitats, radiation levels in the atmosphere
Positive: re-wilding
Define superpower nations
A superpower is an extremely powerful country, especially one capable of influencing international events and the acts and policies of less powerful countries. Its power can be felt all over the world
Name the 4 MINT nation countries
Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey
What is a superpower?
An extremely powerful country, especially one capable of influencing international events and the acts and policies of less powerful countries. Its power can be felt all over the world
Name the 4 MINT nation countries.
Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey
1 mark for 2/3 correct, 2 marks for all four
Explain why the British Empire was described as ‘The Empire on which the sun never sets.’
As it held so many territories around the world, they cross many time zones so the sun was always shining somewhere in the British Empire
1 mark for identifying reason, 1 mark for explanation
How did the Second World War and Indian independence contribute to the fall of the British Empire?
The Second World War Britain was no longer ruler of the world, USA and Russia (USSR) had more nuclear weapons and larger population than the British empire. They also had more money
2x2
Indian Independence India was the largest, most profitable British colony, when India gained independence in 1947, they took the population and wealth back and showed others in the empire, they could leave too.
Define invasive species.
An invasive species is an organism that causes ecological or economic harm in a new environment where it is not native
Using an example, explain one negative impact that an invasive species has on the environment.
E.g. The invasive species can eat the food supply of the native species. The grey squirrels eat more green acorns reducing the food source for red squirrels who eat ripened acorns
1 mark for negative impact, further mark for the effect it has on the environment/example
Identify one primary consumer.
a) Caterpillar
Describe the locations of the world’s tropical biomes.
Between the latitude of 23.5°N and 23.5°S
Central Africa, South East Asia, Brazil and Central America
Using the diagram below, label 2 adaptations that rainforest vegetation has gained to help them survive.
Drip tip leaves
Tall, straight trunks
Explain one way the vegetation in the rainforest have adapted to the climate.
Buttress roots are wide and are needed as trees grow very tall (60metres) to reach the light
