Geography Contemporary Urban Environments Flashcards
What is Urbanization?
The increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities.
What is urban expansion?
The increase of metropolitan areas due to population growth and infrastructure development.
What is urban growth?
An increase in the absolute size of an urban population.
What is urban resurgence and what are its causes?
The movement of people back to an area which was previously in decline which can be caused by large scale clearance and rebuilding of areas.
What is Sub-urbanisation?
A population shift from core cities or rural areas into suburbs.
what is counter-urbanisation?
The process by which people migrate from urban to rural communities.
How have policies on regeneration changed over time since 1979 Britain?
What were the aims of the London regeneration, how successful were they?
Housing - 4000 new homes, 3000 affordable ; only 2800 homes 1200 affordable (425 locals evicted as far as Essex).
Employment - 3000 new jobs ; 6600 jobs created after re development but 11 000 employees having to relocate.
Environment - Clean brownfield and community areas ; 4000 trees planted, 30 000 tonnes of rubbish cleared up
Quite unsuccessful.
What is deindustrialization?
The process where a country shifts away from the traditional industrial base of manufacturing, and moves towards service-based industries. e.g. finance, healthcare, technology.
What is a world city?
A city that has an impact on the world economically.
What is a millionare city?
A city with a population of 1 million or more.
What is a mega city?
A city with a population of 10 million or more?
What is decenralization?
The transfer of control of an activity or organization to several local offices or authorities rather than one single one.
How has decentralization led to inequalities in cities in the UK?
Weakens the capacity of central government to play an equalising role to achieve a balanced distribution of income through social and territorial transfers from the rich to the poor.
What is an urban form?
The physical characteristics and the built environment of a city such as Los Angeles.
What are human factors that can influence urban form?
Planning, Infrastructure, Land value
What are physical factors that influence urban form?
Topography, Water, Natural resources, Land type
