Geography Chap 2 Natural Resources Flashcards
Explain Alluvial Soil.
most widespread.
found in plains of North India, flood plains, deltas.
formed by the deposition of sediment.
very fertile, supports agriculture
Black Soil
weathering of volcanic rocks. ( black lava soil)
made up of fine clayey material, can hold moisture.
found in the Deccan trap ( locally know as regur)
cotton and sugarcane.
Red Soil
Old igneous rocks weather off to form
found in Peninsular India
red color due to the high content of iron
can be made fertile by adding manure and chemical fertilizers.
The cultivation of land depends on which features
- relief
- fertility of the soil
- availability of soil
- needs of the people
Laterite soil
formed when the rain washes away the fertile soil. thus less fertile. found in western ghats and in flat upland where heavy rainfall occur. can support pastures and shrubs
Mountain Soil
found in hill slopes covered with forests. formed due to deposition of of organic matter like humus. suitable for growth of coffee, tea and spice.
Desert soil
found in hot and semi arid areas. thick layer of sand. lacks humus but contains large proportion of salt. help of irrigation plants can be grown.
Soil Erosion
The removal of the topsoil is known as soil erosion. Soil is important for the growth of plants. If the soil is removed our Earth would become barren and lifeless like the moon Soil erosion decreases the soil fertility. The growth of plants depends upon the soil fertility.
Causes of Soil Erosion.
Physical Factors - the slope of the land. intensity of rainfall and velocity of wind.
Cultural Factors - deforestation, overutilization of land, overgrazing, adoption of unscientific methods of farming.
Why is soil conservation important?
if soil is removed from our earth it would become barren and lifeless like the moon. therefore it is important to conserve soil.
