Geography

Question 1

Name 5 factors of wellbeing

Answer 1

Environmental
Social
Economic
Historical
Political

Question 2

Examples of environmental factors are ____

Answer 2

Climate, land quality and availability of fresh water, natural resources, relative location

Question 3

Examples of social factors are_______

Answer 3

Population size and growth; culture norms like gender roles

Question 4

Examples of economic factors are ________

Answer 4

Trade laws, access to trade routes

Question 5

Examples of historical factors are ________

Answer 5

Colonial past, past conflict

Question 6

Examples of political factors are _______

Answer 6

Political stability, levels of corruption, wars and civil conflict

Question 7

Define ‘wellbeing’

Answer 7

A measure of an individual’s personal satisfaction with life; the ability to access primary and secondary needs–including fresh water, education and human rights.

Question 8

List 2 quantitative and 2 qualitative measures of wellbeing

Answer 8

Quantitative: Crime rate, literacy rate, infant mortality rate, doctors per 10 000 people, HDI (human development ranking)
Qualitative: Gross Happiness Index (GHI), feelings fo safety and personal security, job satisfaction, can trust the government, satisfaction with housing.

Question 9

List three developing countries:

Answer 9

India, Angola, Haiti

Question 10

List three developed countries:

Answer 10

Australia, Japan, USA, Denmark

Question 11

Why is ‘low access to education’ a barrier to human wellbeing in developing countries.

Answer 11

Low access to education. With low education access, literacy rates and death caused by communicable diseases increase. Literacy is a key to good health, as women learn to take care of themselves during pregnancy and diseases. As result, it reduces the rates of maternal mortality, and improves children’s heath too.
With more knowledge, comes better jobs and higher incomes. Studies also show that illiterate women in certain countries give birth to more children (as they don’t understand basic concepts of body functions and health)–and low access to education can eventually lead to an overpopulated country.

Question 12

How to improve wellbeing?

Answer 12

Reduce childmortality rates, ensure environmental sustainability, improve maternal health, promote gender equality and promote women, combat HIV/AIDS and other diseases.

Question 13

Use hand-language to indicate the 6 different population pyramids.

Answer 13

1. High-birth rate
2. Ageing population (low birth rate)
3. Stable population
4. Fluctuating population (effect of war and migration)
5. Explanding influx of Males (full with economically active males)
6. Rural population, mostly young children & women

Question 14

Name the 4 functions.

Answer 14

Source, Sink, Service and Spirituality.

Question 15

Define ‘source’.

Answer 15

Earth’s natural resources which have originated directly from biophysical environment. Examples are water, timber, fossil fuels. They can be classified as either renewable or non-renewable.

Question 16

Define ‘sinks’.

Answer 16

The absorption of wastes and pollution produced by human activities and life. Humans depend on environment to break down, recycle or restore our waste and rubbish, gaseous emissions, etc.

Question 17

Define ‘Services’.

Answer 17

Provision of environmental services without human action. Such as earth’s natural green house effect, the water cycle, Carbon cycle, photosynthesis, etc.

Question 18

Define ‘spirituality’

Answer 18

Earth’s recreational, psychological, emotional value of environments, varying depending on each person’s beliefs/cultures. Like sight-seeing or bushwalking.