Geography Flashcards
Name the natural resources.
Air, water, soil, forest, animals, marine life.
What does the atmosphere consist of?
Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere.
Which sphere does the ISS orbit in?
Thermosphere
What can air pollution do to your body?
Respiratory problems, headache, sleepiness, lung cancer.
What are the stages of the water cycle?
Evaporation, Transpiration, Condensation, Precipitation,
Run-Off, Surface Water, Infiltration, Subsurface Outflow.
How much water in found in the oceans?
97%
What exacerbates South Africa’s water crisis?
Loss of wetlands, Pollution of catchment areas, alien plant infestations.
When was the Laingsburg Flood?
1981
Heavy Rain
•24 hr period of rain exceeds 50 mm
+
•1 hr, 15 mm or more
Extremely Heavy Rain
•24 hr period of accumulated rain exceeds 130 mm
Torrential Rain
•24 hr period of rain exceeds 200 mm
What ‘Human Activities’ affect flooding?
- Farming techniques- Over grazing, incorrect plowing.
- Fires- Destroy vegetation, makes soil unstable.
- Deforestation- Roots used to hold soil together.
- Urban settlements- Less open land to absorb water.
What is population?
A group of individuals, from the same species, who inhabit a particular area.
Factors of environmental resistance.
- Lack of food and water.
- Lack of suitable habitat.
- Competition
- Diseases
- Unnatural deaths
What is Demography?
The study of the size, density, and distribution of human population.
When was the Pre-agricultural period, Agricultural period and the Industrial period?
10 000 years ago
10 000 to 1 000 years ago
1760 to 1840
What would uncontrolled population growth lead to and what would that lead to and that lead to?
- A depletion of resources
- Increased population
- Overcrowding
- Increased unemployment
Which would lead to: •Starvation •Increased Diseases •Higher crime rates •High poverty rates •War
Which would lead to:
•Increased death rates
•Decreased birth rates
What is economic inequality?
The difference between individuals or populations in terms of income or wealth.
How is per capita income calculated?
By dividing the total income of a country by its total population.
What is poverty
It is when a person is unable to meet their basic needs due to economic constraints.
What are the basic needs?
Water, Food, Shelter, Health Care and Education.
What are some of the factors that tell you if a nation is in poverty?
High Birth Rates
High Death Rates
Age Structure
Poor nations have high death rates because they have?
Limited Medical Care
Poor Sanitation
Increased prevalence of disease
What is global sustainability?
The act of meeting the needs of the current human population without compromising the ecosystem services and natural resources to the detriment of future generations.
describe the Demographic Transition.
Pre-Industrial Stage
Transitional Stage
Industrial Stage
Post-Industrial Stage
What is population density?
The number of people living in a land area.
What are natural resources?
Substances and energy resources that we take from the environment and use.
What is an ecological footprint?
An estimate of the amount of land that is needed to supply a person with the resources they need to survive.
