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Geography 4.3 Landscapes > Geography 4.3 > Flashcards

Geography 4.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What type of coastline has it’s rock layers perpendicular to the coast?

A

Discordant coastlines.

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2
Q

What coastline has coves?

A

Concordant coastlines

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3
Q

What is an example of a concordant coastline?

A

An example of a concordant coastline is Lulworth cove in Dorset.

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4
Q

What is an example of a disconcordant coastline?

A

An example of a disconcordant coastline is South West Ireland.

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5
Q

How do headlands form?

A

Headlands are formed when the sea hits alternating bands of rock in the coast.

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6
Q

How do bays form?

A

Bays form when soft rock next to the headland is eroded.

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7
Q

What is prevailing wind?

A

Prevailing wind is the most frequent direction the wind blows in an area.

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8
Q

What is hydraulic action?

A

Hydraulic action is when air and water are forced into cracks in the rock. The crack gets bigger. Then the rock chips off and the crack gets bigger.

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9
Q

What is abrasion?

A

Abrasion is when rocks get picked up by waves and thrown and scraped against the cliff. This wears the rock down and it slowly gets removed.

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10
Q

What is solution?

A

Solution is when the sea gets slightly acidic which is a result of vegetation near the cliff. Rocks like chalk get dissolved.

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11
Q

What is attrition?

A

Rocks in the waves crash into each other and the rocks get smaller and smoother.

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12
Q

What are constructive waves?

A

Constructive waves are waves that deposit sediment on a beach.

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13
Q

What are destructive waves?

A

Destructive waves remove sediment from the beach.

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14
Q

What is swash?

A

Swash is when water goes up the beach.

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15
Q

What is backwash?

A

Backwash is when water goes back down the beach.

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16
Q

How are spits formed?

A

Spits are formed first of all by the prevailing wind depositing sediment across. Behind the spit mud is formed and a salt marsh is formed.

17
Q

What is long shore drift?

A

Long shore drift is when swash and backwash transport material sideways along the coast.

18
Q

What are the three types of weathering?

A

Chemical, biological and physical.

19
Q

What type of wave have stronger backwash than swash?

A

Destructive wave.

20
Q

What rocks make up a Weald?

A

Chalk, greensand and clay.

21
Q

How is a cave formed?

A

There is first of all a large crack that is opened by by hydroxide action. Then the crack gets larger and grows into a cave by hydrolytic action and also by abrasion.

22
Q

How is an arch formed?

A

An arch is formed when the hole in a cave becomes larger. The cave then breaks right through the rock in the headland, this formed a natural arch.

23
Q

How are stumps formed?

A

A stack forms when an arch is eroded and

Geography 4.3 Landscapes (1 decks)

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