Geography 4.3 Flashcards
What type of coastline has it’s rock layers perpendicular to the coast?
Discordant coastlines.
What coastline has coves?
Concordant coastlines
What is an example of a concordant coastline?
An example of a concordant coastline is Lulworth cove in Dorset.
What is an example of a disconcordant coastline?
An example of a disconcordant coastline is South West Ireland.
How do headlands form?
Headlands are formed when the sea hits alternating bands of rock in the coast.
How do bays form?
Bays form when soft rock next to the headland is eroded.
What is prevailing wind?
Prevailing wind is the most frequent direction the wind blows in an area.
What is hydraulic action?
Hydraulic action is when air and water are forced into cracks in the rock. The crack gets bigger. Then the rock chips off and the crack gets bigger.
What is abrasion?
Abrasion is when rocks get picked up by waves and thrown and scraped against the cliff. This wears the rock down and it slowly gets removed.
What is solution?
Solution is when the sea gets slightly acidic which is a result of vegetation near the cliff. Rocks like chalk get dissolved.
What is attrition?
Rocks in the waves crash into each other and the rocks get smaller and smoother.
What are constructive waves?
Constructive waves are waves that deposit sediment on a beach.
What are destructive waves?
Destructive waves remove sediment from the beach.
What is swash?
Swash is when water goes up the beach.
What is backwash?
Backwash is when water goes back down the beach.
How are spits formed?
Spits are formed first of all by the prevailing wind depositing sediment across. Behind the spit mud is formed and a salt marsh is formed.
What is long shore drift?
Long shore drift is when swash and backwash transport material sideways along the coast.
What are the three types of weathering?
Chemical, biological and physical.
What type of wave have stronger backwash than swash?
Destructive wave.
What rocks make up a Weald?
Chalk, greensand and clay.
How is a cave formed?
There is first of all a large crack that is opened by by hydroxide action. Then the crack gets larger and grows into a cave by hydrolytic action and also by abrasion.
How is an arch formed?
An arch is formed when the hole in a cave becomes larger. The cave then breaks right through the rock in the headland, this formed a natural arch.
How are stumps formed?
A stack forms when an arch is eroded and
