Geography 2 Chapter 7

Question 1

What are the characteristics of a city?

Answer 1

• Built up area
  -range of functions
• large population size
• high population density

Question 2

What is a city

Answer 2

A defined urban area within a country

Question 3

How to calculate population density

Answer 3

Population density = population / land area = to ____ ppl /sqkm

Question 4

Name the different types of infrastructure and their examples

Answer 4

Transport - bridges, expressways and tunnels
Telecommunications- telephone, lines and satellites
Basic services - power lines, water and gas pipes

Question 5

State 5 pull factors of rural-urban migration

Answer 5

• promise of work
• better schooling and further education
• more hospitals and doctors
• perception of exciting city life
• political stability

Question 6

State 5 push factors of rural-urban migration

Answer 6

• lack of job opportunities
• poor educational facilities
• lack of medical attention
• famine
• war

Question 7

Why do cities depend on urban areas?

Answer 7

Cities depend on rural areas for food supply because in the city there is a lack of space for agricultural activities

Question 8

How do the people in the rural areas earn income?

Answer 8

They rear animals and grow crops to sell the excess in the city markets

Question 9

Name two opportunities in the city

Answer 9

Technological innovation
Education and employment

Question 10

What is technological innovation

Answer 10

Use of scientific knowledge to create useful products and services as cities have skilled people ( eg artists and designers )

Question 11

How can education benefit people in the city

Answer 11

With education , people can learn useful knowledge and skills that can be applied when they gain employment

Question 12

How does further education benefit people’s employment

Answer 12

Companies can hire from a large pool of skilled employees which will help to improve their businesses

Question 13

Name two challenges in the city

Answer 13

Environmental pollution and competition for natural resources

Question 14

What is the cause and impact of water pollution

Answer 14

Cause - improper management of household and industrial waste due to inadequate or broken sewage systems
Impact - drinking of contaminated water leads to water bourne diseases that can cause death

Question 15

What is the cause and impact of air pollution

Answer 15

Cause - use of coal to generate electricity and high volume of vehicular traffic traffic and emissions from factories
Impact - long term diseases such as respiratory infections and heart disease which will cause an increase in spending for healthcare

Question 16

What is land used for

Answer 16

Industrial, commercial, residential and recreational purposes

Question 17

Why can’t land dedicated for one use cannot be used for other purposes?

Answer 17

Stiff competition for land can result in tensions when existing residents and relocated to make way for new developments for other uses

Question 18

Name the four national taps

Answer 18

Natural catchment imported water new water desalination

Question 19

Why is there insufficient water and how does it occur

Answer 19

Demand exceeding supply and the supply of water may be affected when there is insufficient land for water catchment areas and plants for desalination and new water

Question 20

what management

Answer 20

strategies to regulate the use of natural resources and minimize the negatuve negative impact from human activities

Question 21

what is a strategy to reduce water pollution

Answer 21

water treatment ponds

Question 22

how is the water quality of water bodies near farms reduced and how does wate treatment ponds solve this problem

Answer 22

when farms are near water bodies, rainwater is mixed with nutrients which reduces water quality

drains are set up around the farm plots and plants are grown in water treatment plants

Question 23

how does the government use laws and policies to reduce air pollution in the city

Answer 23

they set limits on air pollutants for industries and vehicles

Question 24

what is a hazard

Answer 24

events that have a negative on people, the physical and built environment and the economy

Question 25

name two natural hazards

Answer 25

earthquakes
tsunami
hurricane

Question 26

name one human induced hazard

Answer 26

arson
nuclear plant leakage

Question 27

what is land use planning

Answer 27

land use planning is making decisions on how land resources will be used

Question 28

what are the three ways to ensure that cities are sustainably built and managed

Answer 28

environmental management
managemenr of hazards
improve quality of life

Question 29

how does the government manage hazards

Answer 29

use of better quality materials and land use planning

Question 30

how does the government improve the quality of life

Answer 30

provide safe housing
provide a variety of transport modes
considerinf the needs of different groups