geography.

Question 1

ecological services

Answer 1

the benefits to humanity from the resources and processes that are supplied by natural ecosystems.

Question 2

stewardship

Answer 2

the caring and ethical approach to sustainable management of habitats for the benefit of all life on earth.

Question 3

ecological footprint

Answer 3

a measure of human demand on the earth’s natural systems in general and ecosystems in particular; the amount of productive land required by each person for food, water, transport, housing, waste management, and other purposes.

Question 4

biocapacity

Answer 4

the capacity of a biome or ecosystem to generate a renewable and ongoing supply of resources and to process or absorb its wastes.

Question 5

sustainability

Answer 5

avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain an ecological balance.

Question 6

climate change

Answer 6

any change in climate over time, whether due to natural processes or human activities.

Question 7

global warming

Answer 7

the observable rising trend in the earth’s atmospheric temperatures, generally attributed to the enhanced greenhouse effect.

Question 8

greenhouse effect

Answer 8

the trapping of the sun’s warmth in a planet’s lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet’s surface.

Question 9

enhanced greenhouse effect

Answer 9

increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the earth’s atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change.

Question 10

fossil fuels

Answer 10

carbon-based fuels formed over millions of years, which include coal, petroleum, and natural gas. they are called non-renewable fuels as reserves are being depleted at a faster rate than the process of formation.

Question 11

renewable energy

Answer 11

energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power.

Question 12

ipcc

Answer 12

intergovernmental panel on climate change is the united nations’ body for assessing the science related to climate change.

Question 13

inland water

Answer 13

permanent water bodies inland from the coastal zone and areas whose properties and use are dominated by the permanent, seasonal, or intermittent occurrence of flooded conditions.

Question 14

perennial

Answer 14

describes a stream or river that flows permanently.

Question 15

ephermeral

Answer 15

describes a stream or river that flows only occasionally, usually after heavy rain.

Question 16

reservoir

Answer 16

a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.

Question 17

weir

Answer 17

wall or dam built across a river channel to raise the level of water behind. this can then be used for gravity-fed irrigation.

Question 18

river fragmentation

Answer 18

the interruption of a river’s natural flow by dams, withdrawals, or transfers.