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Geography Cycle Test 3 > Geography > Flashcards

Geography Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the water cycle?

A

the physical changes to water that change it’s state and location

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2
Q

What is evaporation?

A

water is heated by the sun - fresh water to gas

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3
Q

Transpiration?

A

water evaporates from plants

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4
Q

Condensation?

A

gas - liquid, water droplets merge to become clouds

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5
Q

Precipitation?

A

rain, hail, snow, sleet

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6
Q

Infiltration?

A

groundwater + runoff

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7
Q

Perclocation?

A

The movement of water through the soil

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8
Q

Describe the water cycle

A

evaporation - condensation - precipitation - surface runoff - groundwater - transpiration

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9
Q

Processes/steps of the water cycles?

A

step 1 - precipitation
step 2 - transfer and storage - surface run off, infiltrationa and perlocation, lakes, dams, rivers
step 3 - river flows out to sea

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10
Q

What is a water catchment

A

area drained by the river also known as a river basin

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11
Q

what is a catchment

A

water is collected by natural landscape e.g. hands collecting downpour

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12
Q

What is a watershed

A

water can go one way or the other- a boundary

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13
Q

What is a steep catchment

A

very little water retained
groundwater recharge is minimal
large water volume
moves out quickly

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14
Q

What is a flat catchment

A

surface water retained seeps into soil to be groundwater causing water tables to be shallower
small volume of water moves out slowly after rainfall

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15
Q

closed basin?

A

all surface water drains to lowest point in catchment, no streams leave - wter evaporates

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16
Q

Aquifer

A

a body of rock that hold groundwater

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17
Q

What are spatial distribution patterens

A

the location and arrangement of phenomenol activities across earths surface

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18
Q

6 reasons unlimited water isn’t avalible for everyone

A

1) landlocked
2) no permeable surfaces for groundwater
3) no river systems
4) desert
5) no precipitation
6) no water flowng down

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19
Q

water is

A

key to survival, and enviromental recourse renewable and there is a pressure on it’s supply

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20
Q

the source of the river is

A

where water starts collecting

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21
Q

the confluence of the river is when

A

2 rivers join

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22
Q

the tribituary of teh river is

A

when a large river joins up to a smaller one at some point

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23
Q

types of water on the earth’s surface

A

rivers, dams, lakes, resovoirs

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24
Q

4 main types of water

A

surface water
groundwater
desalinated water
recycled water

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25
Q

80% of the earth’s freshwater is

A

surface water

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26
Q

surface water can be replenished by

A

rain

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27
Q

positives of surface water

A

cheap, easy access, dams protect from floods

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28
Q

negatives of surface water

A

easy contamination, treatment for pollution is expensive
dams can cause floods

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29
Q

steps of taking the salt our of water

A
  • suck in seawater
  • clean
  • reverse osmosis
  • final cleaning
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30
Q

positive of desalination water

A

we won’y run out

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31
Q

negative of desalinated water

A

expensive, leftover salt could wreck nearby ocean

32
Q

groundwater is

A

water under the surface

33
Q

how does groundwater work

A
  • water sinks through gaps betweeb sediment, soil/sand/gravel
  • hits something hard
  • fills gaps
  • we dig bores to pump water out
34
Q

positives and negatives of groundwater

A

cheap
easy
can be dug close to wherever needed
clean - hard to contaminate

long time to replenish

35
Q

all water is really

A

recycled water

36
Q

positives of recycled water

A

smart and quick
renewable

37
Q

negatives of recycled water

A

if cleanibg doesnt work people get sick

idea is gross
politicians lose votes

38
Q

factors that influence water flows and the avalibility of water resources in different palces

A

latitude
altitude
topography
location
climate change

39
Q

Latitude affect on water flows and resources

A

because the earth is round and it tilts back and forth towards the sun, the pokles distance will affect climate

40
Q

more radiation

A

hotter

41
Q

less radiation

A

colder

42
Q

Altitude: how high an area is will also affect

A

water avalibility

43
Q

tropic of cancer

A

up

44
Q

Location - landlocked will afeect

A

water avalibility

45
Q

topography

A

weather and climate patterns influence evaporation rates as does the shape. - water avalibility

46
Q

more heat - more evaporation

A

dry land - droughts

47
Q

more heat - glaciers melt

A

less freshwater

48
Q

more heat - ice caos melt

A

sea levels rise - floods

49
Q

different parts of aus get more rain than otheres

A

tully most rain

50
Q

not alll aussie land has

A

unlimited access to water

51
Q

wiyout rain, lakes, river and aquifers can’t be

A

replenished

52
Q

city uses drains

A

as groundwater bores

53
Q

In scale : means

A

represents

54
Q

1cm on a map means

A

25000 cm on land if 1:25000

55
Q

how to measure a straight line distnace

A

1) measure in cm
2) check the scale
3) if !:25000 times by 25000

56
Q

Boltss

A

Border
Orientatiom
Legend
Title
Scale
Source

57
Q

Border

A

feature around the map

58
Q

orientation

A

compass directions

59
Q

legend

A

key

60
Q

title

A

general info

61
Q

scale

A

size, height, dimensions

62
Q

source

A

where map came from

63
Q

eastings are

A

vertical lines

64
Q

northings are

A

horizontal line

65
Q

area refrence

A

4 digit

66
Q

grid reference

A

6 digit

67
Q

along the corridor and

A

up the stairs

68
Q

never eat soggy

A

weetbix

69
Q

What is a contour interval

A

the differnece in elevation represented by each contour line on a toppgraphic map

70
Q

Contour lines

A

lines on a map that join places of the smae height

71
Q

relief

A

is the term used fro the differences in height from place to plaace on the surface - height difference

72
Q

PQE

A

PATTERN, QUANTIFY, EXCEPTIONS

73
Q

PATTERN

A

general overview of any patterns you can see. e.g. forest seems to be located in northa nd west africa

74
Q

QUANTIFY

A

use statistics e.g. 240.3 million hectares of forest in central africa

75
Q

EXCEPTIONS

A

what doesn’t fit e.g. however ther are also forets regions located in south and east africa too

Geography Cycle Test 3 (1 decks)

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