Geography Flashcards

1
Q

What aspects do Middle latitudes have and where are they

A

Mediterranean- (includes) humid, marine, steppe, desert
- (weather) sunny, summers hot and dry, mild winters (little rainfall)
* areas in Africa, Southwestern Australia, Ukraine near Black Sea, Chile, SoCal

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2
Q

Subtropical climate - where and what traits

A
  • North and South of tropics, East
  • areas- Japan, mainland China, Australia, Africa, South America, & U.S
  • warm oceans, winds with moist air
    Long warm summer, short, mild winters
    Long growing seasons
  • support more ppl than any other climate
    Middle climates
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3
Q

Marine Climate

A

*areas- Western Europe, British Isles, U.S Pacific Northwest, west coast of Canada, southern Chile, southern New Zealand, & southeastern Australia
- traits- near water/surround by it
Ocean winds
Wet and warm bring mild, rainy climate summer at or below 70 degrees
Winters stay above freezing
Ex: San Francisco

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4
Q

Middle latitude climates: Humid Continental climate

A
  • climate of 4 seasons
    Cold winters, hot summers, enough rainfall
    -Best farmland/trading/mining
  • difference in temperature based on place by coast
    Places- North Central U.S, north china, Canada, & Soviet Union
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5
Q

Steppe or Prairie Climate

A

*interiors of large continents
Ex: Asia, North America
Great Plains of Canada and U.S

Gobi Desert of Asia, central&western Australia, southwestern U.S, small desert in Pakistan, Argentina, and Africa south of equator

Traits- dry flatlands far from ocean breeze
Summer hot, winter cold, rainfall (rain light in spring/summer) more desert like

Some can be agriculturally productive, where more rainfall is

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6
Q

High latitudes

A

-tundra and taiga
Tundra- marshy plain and aptly describes climate conditions

Winter’s extremely cold&long, ground frozen but mushy during summer, not lots of snow

Ex: northern areas of Russia, Europe& Canada

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7
Q

High latitude

A

Taiga
Northern forest region south of tundra
- largest forest lands, vast mineral wealth and fur animals
Extreme climate, no crops

Trait- winter colder and summer hotter than tundra bc farther away from Arctic Ocean

*areas- Northern Russia, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Canada & Alaska

Most land covered with Marshes and swamps

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8
Q

High Mountains

A

Vertical climate- temperature, crops, vegetation and human activity change and ascend to level of elevation

Foot of mountain- hot and rainy, climate found in low land crops
High- air cooler
Top- snow

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9
Q

Name Maps

A

Cylindrical ( Mercator)
Conical
Flat plane projection ( gnomonic)
Geographic Grid system
Relief Map
Thematic Map

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10
Q

Cylindrical projection

A
  • cylinder on a piece of paper and wrap around globe
  • distorted near equator( more distorted west and south)
  • does not have equal areas
    Type map- Mercator by Gerard’s Mercator 1569
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11
Q

Conical projection

A
  • made into cone
    Map of middle latitudes
  • shows best true shape of earth
  • least distorted where paper touches globe
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12
Q

Flat plane projection

A

Flat piece of paper, touches globe at 1 point

  • used to show areas of north and South Poles
    Called- Gnomonic projection- meridian’s appear straight lines( useful for in between 2 points)
  • Great circle routes- shortest route between two points important for navigation
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13
Q

Geographic Grid system

A

-latitude and longitude map properties.

Size scale, shapes straight line directions.

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14
Q

Relief map

A

Shows land surface, flat, rugged, or steep
Show more detail, show, overall elevation, shown with colors, or contour lines

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15
Q

Thematic maps

A

Specific information, single theme/topic
Distribution or amount of some thing over a certain given area
EX: population density, climate, economy, cultural and political info

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16
Q

Remote sensing

A

Obtain information about an object or area
EX: mountain height, and depth of bodies of water,
field of geography

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17
Q

Geographic information

A

Stone, analyze, and display geographic info

18
Q

Ecology

A

Study of how living organisms interact with physical aspects of environment, including:
Soil, water, air, and living things

19
Q

Biogeography

A

Surface features of earth
(form, movement, climate) affect, living things

20
Q

Levels of environment

A

Ecosystem
Biome
biodiversity
competition

21
Q

Ecosystem

A

Community of any size, of a physical environment in organisms that live within it

22
Q

Biome

A

Large area of land with characteristics
Climate, soil, and mixture of planet and animals

Made up of groups of ecosystems

23
Q

Major biomes

A

Desert, chaparral, Savannah, tropical, rainforest, temperate grassland, temperate deciduous forest, taiga, and tundra

Habitat is set of surroundings, where members of species normally live:
Soil, water, predators, and competition

24
Q

Three types of habitat

A

Interaction: competition, predation, symbiosis (interaction between two different organisms: mutual benefit, or singular benefiting)

25
Q

Competition

A

Occurs with members of same or between different species for resources

26
Q

Adoption

A

Takes form of structure, change, psychological change, or behavior modification

27
Q

Biodiversity

A

Variety of species, an organisms, habitats on earth
Life support system

28
Q

Spheres of interest

A

Geographical areas over which country exerts political or economic influence

29
Q

Cities where most ppl live- what is it

A

Megalopoli- cities/urban areas connected

Ex: Tokyo-Kawasaki-Yokohama

30
Q

Other cites name urban/sub-urban areas

A

Metropolitan

31
Q

Canals- Panama

A

Atlantic Ocean,
to pacific suez canal - middle east Africa, and
Arabian peninsula, connecting Red and Mediterranean Sea

32
Q

Low latitudes

A

savanna, deserts, north and south tropical rainforests

Traits- savannas, winter dry, summer, wet

33
Q

Middle latitudes

A

Places:
Mediterranean, humid, Marine, steppe, desert climate

Traits: summer, hot, dry winter

34
Q

Deserts

A

Ex: Africa, Sahara desert, Arabian desert on Arabian peninsula,
outback in Australia

35
Q

Deltas

A

Lowlands- soil, and deposit from Rivers
Ex: Nile river

36
Q

Mesas/ plateaus

A

Flat tops of hills and mountains

Rivers: nile, Niger, Zaire of Africa, Rhine, Danube, Thames of Europe, Yangtze, Ganges, Mekong, Hwanghae of Asia

37
Q

Marine

A

Under influence of the sea, ocean climate
Lots of moisture

38
Q

Chaparral

A

Very hot and dry, mild winter
Found in mountains
Ex: west of U.S, South America coast of Mediterranean

39
Q

Savanna

A

Tropical,warm/ hot in all seasons- wet summer season
Ex: parts of Africa, South America Brazil

40
Q

Temperate forest / deciduous

A

2nd in rainfall after rainforests
Cold, subtropical climate

41
Q

Plateaus

A

Elevated but flat on top
Extremely dry bc of surrounding mountains preventing them from moisture