Geography Flashcards

1
Q

What aspects do Middle latitudes have and where are they

A

Mediterranean- (includes) humid, marine, steppe, desert
- (weather) sunny, summers hot and dry, mild winters (little rainfall)
* areas in Africa, Southwestern Australia, Ukraine near Black Sea, Chile, SoCal

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2
Q

Subtropical climate - where and what traits

A
  • North and South of tropics, East
  • areas- Japan, mainland China, Australia, Africa, South America, & U.S
  • warm oceans, winds with moist air
    Long warm summer, short, mild winters
    Long growing seasons
  • support more ppl than any other climate
    Middle climates
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3
Q

Marine Climate

A

*areas- Western Europe, British Isles, U.S Pacific Northwest, west coast of Canada, southern Chile, southern New Zealand, & southeastern Australia
- traits- near water/surround by it
Ocean winds
Wet and warm bring mild, rainy climate summer at or below 70 degrees
Winters stay above freezing
Ex: San Francisco

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4
Q

Middle latitude climates: Humid Continental climate

A
  • climate of 4 seasons
    Cold winters, hot summers, enough rainfall
    -Best farmland/trading/mining
  • difference in temperature based on place by coast
    Places- North Central U.S, north china, Canada, & Soviet Union
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5
Q

Steppe or Prairie Climate

A

*interiors of large continents
Ex: Asia, North America
Great Plains of Canada and U.S

Gobi Desert of Asia, central&western Australia, southwestern U.S, small desert in Pakistan, Argentina, and Africa south of equator

Traits- dry flatlands far from ocean breeze
Summer hot, winter cold, rainfall (rain light in spring/summer) more desert like

Some can be agriculturally productive, where more rainfall is

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6
Q

High latitudes

A

-tundra and taiga
Tundra- marshy plain and aptly describes climate conditions

Winter’s extremely cold&long, ground frozen but mushy during summer, not lots of snow

Ex: northern areas of Russia, Europe& Canada

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7
Q

High latitude

A

Taiga
Northern forest region south of tundra
- largest forest lands, vast mineral wealth and fur animals
Extreme climate, no crops

Trait- winter colder and summer hotter than tundra bc farther away from Arctic Ocean

*areas- Northern Russia, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Canada & Alaska

Most land covered with Marshes and swamps

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8
Q

High Mountains

A

Vertical climate- temperature, crops, vegetation and human activity change and ascend to level of elevation

Foot of mountain- hot and rainy, climate found in low land crops
High- air cooler
Top- snow

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9
Q

Name Maps

A

Cylindrical ( Mercator)
Conical
Flat plane projection ( gnomonic)
Geographic Grid system
Relief Map
Thematic Map

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10
Q

Cylindrical projection

A
  • cylinder on a piece of paper and wrap around globe
  • distorted near equator( more distorted west and south)
  • does not have equal areas
    Type map- Mercator by Gerard’s Mercator 1569
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11
Q

Conical projection

A
  • made into cone
    Map of middle latitudes
  • shows best true shape of earth
  • least distorted where paper touches globe
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12
Q

Flat plane projection

A

Flat piece of paper, touches globe at 1 point

  • used to show areas of north and South Poles
    Called- Gnomonic projection- meridian’s appear straight lines( useful for in between 2 points)
  • Great circle routes- shortest route between two points important for navigation
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13
Q

Geographic Grid system

A

-latitude and longitude map properties.

Size scale, shapes straight line directions.

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14
Q

Relief map

A

Shows land surface, flat, rugged, or steep
Show more detail, show, overall elevation, shown with colors, or contour lines

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15
Q

Thematic maps

A

Specific information, single theme/topic
Distribution or amount of some thing over a certain given area
EX: population density, climate, economy, cultural and political info

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16
Q

Remote sensing

A

Obtain information about an object or area
EX: mountain height, and depth of bodies of water,
field of geography

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17
Q

Geographic information

A

Stone, analyze, and display geographic info

18
Q

Ecology

A

Study of how living organisms interact with physical aspects of environment, including:
Soil, water, air, and living things

19
Q

Biogeography

A

Surface features of earth
(form, movement, climate) affect, living things

20
Q

Levels of environment

A

Ecosystem
Biome
biodiversity
competition

21
Q

Ecosystem

A

Community of any size, of a physical environment in organisms that live within it

22
Q

Biome

A

Large area of land with characteristics
Climate, soil, and mixture of planet and animals

Made up of groups of ecosystems

23
Q

Major biomes

A

Desert, chaparral, Savannah, tropical, rainforest, temperate grassland, temperate deciduous forest, taiga, and tundra

Habitat is set of surroundings, where members of species normally live:
Soil, water, predators, and competition

24
Q

Three types of habitat

A

Interaction: competition, predation, symbiosis (interaction between two different organisms: mutual benefit, or singular benefiting)

25
Competition
Occurs with members of same or between different species for resources
26
Adoption
Takes form of structure, change, psychological change, or behavior modification
27
Biodiversity
Variety of species, an organisms, habitats on earth Life support system
28
Spheres of interest
Geographical areas over which country exerts political or economic influence
29
Cities where most ppl live- what is it
Megalopoli- cities/urban areas connected Ex: Tokyo-Kawasaki-Yokohama
30
Other cites name urban/sub-urban areas
Metropolitan
31
Canals- Panama
Atlantic Ocean, to pacific suez canal - middle east Africa, and Arabian peninsula, connecting Red and Mediterranean Sea
32
Low latitudes
savanna, deserts, north and south tropical rainforests Traits- savannas, winter dry, summer, wet
33
Middle latitudes
Places: Mediterranean, humid, Marine, steppe, desert climate Traits: summer, hot, dry winter
34
Deserts
Ex: Africa, Sahara desert, Arabian desert on Arabian peninsula, outback in Australia
35
Deltas
Lowlands- soil, and deposit from Rivers Ex: Nile river
36
Mesas/ plateaus
Flat tops of hills and mountains Rivers: nile, Niger, Zaire of Africa, Rhine, Danube, Thames of Europe, Yangtze, Ganges, Mekong, Hwanghae of Asia
37
Marine
Under influence of the sea, ocean climate Lots of moisture
38
Chaparral
Very hot and dry, mild winter Found in mountains Ex: west of U.S, South America coast of Mediterranean
39
Savanna
Tropical,warm/ hot in all seasons- wet summer season Ex: parts of Africa, South America Brazil
40
Temperate forest / deciduous
2nd in rainfall after rainforests Cold, subtropical climate
41
Plateaus
Elevated but flat on top Extremely dry bc of surrounding mountains preventing them from moisture