Geographies of Interconnections

Question 1

Define Globalisation

Answer 1

Globalization is the increasing interconnection between people and places across the world, established through trade, politics and cultural exchanges and helped by travel and technology

Question 2

Define MNC

Answer 2

A multinational corporation is a company that has operations in more than one country

Question 3

Identify three examples of MNCs

Answer 3

Nike, Starbucks, Apple

Question 4

Identify two benefits of globalisation

Answer 4

Increased economic growth has led to the lifting of people out of poverty and global investment by MNCs has created new jobs and markets around the world

Question 5

Identify two negatives of globalization

Answer 5

The exploitation of workers in low income or developing countries and the destruction of environments as urbanization and industrialization can lead to deforestation, pollution and loss of biodiversity

Question 6

Identify one indigenous culture and how globalization has impacted them

Answer 6

The saami from Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia are positively impacted by being able to use machines and negatively by mining and logging companies destroying traditional grazing fields

Question 7

Facts about Starbucks

Answer 7

In 2003 had over 6,200 stores
employs millions
19 different countries involved in supply chain eg. ethiopia and kenya

Question 8

Facts about Apple

Answer 8

Foxconn factory in Shenzhen, China employs 350,000 people
Retail stores in 25 countries and online in 39
Sources supplies and manufacturing from more than 30 countries eg. Japan and China and Malaysia and Thailand

Question 9

Facts about Nike

Answer 9

505 factories in 39 countries
1,000,000+ people employed
1,100 retail stores in 170 countries

Question 10

2 advantages of MNCs moving production to LICs

Answer 10

Lower labour costs and access to emerging markets

Question 11

2 disadvantages of MNCs moving production to LICs

Answer 11

Exploitation of workers and environmental pollution

Question 12

5 stages of the supply chain

Answer 12

extraction, manufacturing/production, distribution, consumption and waste

Question 13

What is extraction and how does it affect people, places and the environment

Answer 13

Extraction involves removing natural resources from the earth, negatively impacting people through displacement, disrupting local economies, and harming the environment via habitat destruction and pollution.

Question 14

What is production and how does it affect people, places and the environment

Answer 14

Production is the process of transforming raw materials into goods, which can affect people through job creation or exploitation, impact places by altering local economies and landscapes, and harm the environment through resource depletion and pollution.

Question 15

what is distribution and how does it affect people, places and the environment

Answer 15

Distribution is the process of delivering goods to consumers, affecting people by influencing access to products, changes in local economies and infrastructure, and affecting the environment through transportation emissions and resource use.

Question 16

what is consumption and how does it affect people, places and the environment

Answer 16

Consumption is the use of goods and services that affects people by shaping lifestyles, impacts places through economic demand, and influences the environment by driving resource depletion and pollution.

Question 17

what is waste and how does it affect people, places and the environment

Answer 17

Waste is unwanted materials from production and consumption that affect people through health risks, impact places by straining waste management, and harm the environment through pollution and resource depletion.

Question 18

why has tourism grown since the 1960s

Answer 18

Tourism has grown since the 1960s due to higher disposable incomes, improved transportation, and increased leisure time.

Question 19

Impacts of tourism socially

Answer 19

Tourism can foster cultural exchange and community development, but it may also lead to the commercialization of culture and social disruption.

Question 20

Impacts of tourism environmentally

Answer 20

Tourism can promote conservation and funding for natural areas but often results in habitat destruction, pollution, and increased resource consumption.

Question 21

Impacts of tourism economically

Answer 21

It creates jobs and boosts local economies through spending, but can also lead to economic dependency and inequality if profits are not reinvested locally.

Question 22

Name a place that has been impacted by tourism and explain how they are managing it

Answer 22

Barcelona has experienced significant tourism impacts, including overcrowding and strain on local resources. to overcome this they have implemented a tourist tax, visitor caps and regulated short term rentals